★ 考试结束前
全国2013年1月高等教育自学考试
基础英语试题
课程代码：00088
请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题部分
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。
一、词汇应用和语法结构（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）
（一）词汇应用（15分）
选择答案完成句子，并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。
1. He has high blood pressure so he has to____ medicine regularly.
A. swallowB. drinkC. eatD. take
2. It’s hard to ____with her political opinions.
A. sympathizeB. argueC. agreeD. select
3. We plan to promote ____growth through research and development.
A. economist’s B. economicalC. economicD. economist
4. A computer system is ____of software and hardware.
A. includedB. composedC. consistedD. made
5. We can be ____a lot by reading books widely.
A. determinedB. accusedC. informedD. laughed
6. ____meeting you here after so many years.
A. FansB. ImageC. ImagineD. Fancy
7. As a citizen, I have to pay ____to the government so that it can pay for public services.
A. moneyB. privilege C. taxD. tariff
8. Trying to expand their business too quickly brought about their ____.
A. make-out B. turnover C. outputD. downfall
9. In facing uncertainty and changes, we need courage to persevere and to ____on.
A. placeB. pressC. dealD. put
10. We ____using a compression stuff sack to compress the bag to its smallest size.
A. interestedB. persuadedC. suggestedD. opposed
11. History shows that wars are ____two kinds, just and unjust.
A. divided intoB. resulted fromC. prior toD. determined by
12. ____means the process of causing the quality of something to become worse.
A. MisconductB. InsufficiencyC. DegradationD. Prodigality
13. The promise of an extra holiday was a ____to them.
A. upswingB. sensationC. strainD. stimulus
14. While I was listening to the music, an ____feeling of homesickness surged in me.
A. intentionalB. intenseC. intendingD. intended
15. The ____cat my son found in the park has become a member of our family.
A. wildB. savageC. cruel D. fierce
（二）语法结构（15分）
选择答案完成句子，并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。
16. It is superior ____iron ____strength, hardness, and elasticity.
A. to, inB. than, inC. to, onD. than, on
17. If you would like any further information, I ____be very pleased to supply it.
A. can B. would C. should D. ought to
18. I was used ____in noisy rooms.
A. to workingB. to workC. workD. working
19. Here’s the precious stone from ____we extract the radioactive metal.
A. where B. whom C. that D. which
20. The students find it difficult to take ____what the teacher says.
A. on B. over C. in D. back
21. You ____say anything if you don’t want to.
A. can’tB. haven’t to C. mustn’t D. needn’t
22. I ____in the downpour last night, so I was wet through.
A. was caughtB. caught C. was catchingD. had been caught
23. The lifestyle of people decides the style of ____.
A. the furnitureB. furnituresC. furnitureD. a furniture
24. Many a great man ____only through trial and error.
A. have succeeded B. has succeeded
C. have successfulD. has successful
25. I felt ____my heart would burst with joy.
A. likeB. as C. as soon asD. as if
26. ____disappeared than I heard a rustling of leaves behind me and a man stepped out.
A. No sooner had he B. No sooner he had
C. Hardly had he D. Hardly he had
27. Traveling helps you to make new friends ____you go, since you are bound to meet with different people.
A. however B. whatever C. whereverD. where
28. ____my personality, my ideal life will be that of a scientist, researching, lecturing, and writing books.
A. Judging fromB. Judged fromC. To judge fromD. Judge from
29. By 1999, more than 5 million households ____life insurance online.
A. would have researchedB. have researched
C. researched D. had researched
30. It is this terrible wastefulness ____has got us into the mess we are in now.
A. whereB. thatC. whichD. this
二、改错 （本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
下面句子中有 A,B,C,D四个划底线部分，其中有一个是错误的，选出错误部分的字母，无需改正错误,并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。
31. If banks charge higher interest for loans to builders, how will that affect the cost of a new
A B C D
house?
32. Every word on a label is important in protecting you and your family from tricked by
A B C
dangerous quackery.
D
33. There is not just enough room to grow food for such a large population even though British
A B C
agriculture is the most machine in the world.
D
34. Some doctors believe that as much as 30% of their patients are not suffering from real
A B C
illnesses at all .
D
35. In warmer regions of the world, the people dressing themselves in clothing made from
A B C
leaves, tree barks, and woven grasses.
D
36. Under the bright sunshine far away from the sea, the once beautiful coral becomes no
A B C
more than a pale and stiff skeleton.
D
37. We shall be only so pleased to hear from you further and know everything goes well
A B C D
with you.
38. The demand deposits placed in banks, coupling with the fractional reserve principle,
A B C
give bankers the great power in economy.
D
39. They sent us a good supply of their advertising matters through air for distribution
A B C D
among our customers.
40. Despite of the bitterly cold weather, they set out with determination.
A B C D
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
选择答案完成句子，并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。
My husband and I are Danish. As a 41 of fact, many of my 42 were English. I was born in England and was originally 43 British nationality.
We returned to England last February at five o’ clock 44 a Wednesday morning after a rough crossing. Waves which seemed as 45 as mountains rocked the boat from side to side. We were both sick on the journey and a fine drizzle 46 us as we disembarked. To make matters 47 , I lost the gold bracelet which I had 48 from my mother. We nearly forgot to tip the taxi-driver, who grumbled about our luggage and seemed to be in a thoroughly bad
49 . Few visitors 50 such an unfortunate beginning to their stay, and we certainly felt like 51 home again.
We stayed for a week in a hotel, and were then 52 enough to find a furnished bungalow （平房）in the suburbs of London. It is not so convenient as our flat in 53 , capital of my country, but it is less expensive than some we saw advertised. My husband is studying at the local technical college, chiefly to improve 54 English. He is a qualified engineer who has been employed for several years in a factory. I am working as a part-time nurse in a hospital, which is within 55 .
41. A. note B. part C. source D. matter
42. A. offspring B. descendants C. ancestors D. parents
43. A. from B. of C. at D. in
44. A. on B. in C. / D. after
45. A. near B. high C. long D. far
46. A. met B. happened C. occurred D. experienced
47. A. awful B. bad C. worse D. better
48. A. made B. brought C. bought D. inherited
49. A. eye B. sensation C. feeling D. temper
50. A. can have experienced B. can experience
C. can’t have experienced D. must have experienced
51. A. to go straight B. going straight
C. to go straightly D. going straightly
52. A. famous B. unfortunate C. lucky D. bad
53. A. Helsinki B. Copenhagen C. Switzerland D. Sweden
54. A. another B. a C. his D. the
55. A. ten minutes’drive B. ten minute’s drive
C. ten-minutes drive D. ten-minutes’drive
四、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
本部分有两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题,每个问题有四个供选择的答案，请选择一个答案。并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。
Passage 1
More than 300,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured each year. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third-floor window. Wearing a seat belt saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.
Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not, you can be fined up to $50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the driver’s responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.
Forever, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing your vehicle; or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.
56. The text is taken from ____.
A. a medical magazineB. a police report
C. a legal documentD. a government information booklet
57. Wearing a seat belt in a vehicle ____.
A. reduces road accidents by more than half
B. saves lives while driving at a speed up to 30 miles per hour
C. reduces the death rate in traffic accidents
D. saves more than 15,000 lives each year
58. It is the driver’s responsibility to ____.
A. make the front passengers wear a seat belt
B. make the front children under 14 wear a seat belt
C. stop children riding in the front seat
D. wear a seat belt each time he drives
59. According to the passage, which of the following people riding in the front does not have to wear a seat belt?
A. Someone who is backing into a parking space.
B. Someone who is picking up the children from the local school.
C. Someone who is delivering invitation letters.
D. Someone who is under 14.
60. For some people, it may be better ____.
A. to wear a seat belt for health reasons
B. not to wear a seat belt for health reasons
C. to get a valid medical certificate before wearing a seat belt
D. to pay a fine rather than wear a seat belt
Passage 2
America’s genius with high technology may have put men on the moon, but people are still suspicious about its ability to solve human problems closer to home. In fact, a subtle but significant shift from purely technological solutions is already under way as scientists argue openly for new directions in research.
A growing number of scientists insist that answers to the world’s problems will not come from a flashier array of electronics and machines. What the Indian farmer needs is some innovative “low” technology—for example, a better one?piece plow that can be pulled by a water buffalo. So solutions must develop from a better understanding of the humans that drive the system and from a fuller appreciation of the limits and potentials of the earth’s resources.
Industrial officials are concerned by a declining rate of innovation in technology. Patent applications by Americans have been dropping in the US since 1997. Yet many scientists seem to be saying: The need for better televisions, bigger power plants and faster airplanes is not so urgent. The market in the industrialized nations for this kind of technology is actually reaching a saturation point. All this does not say that technological creativity will not play a critical role in solving energy and food shortages, or that answers to environmental difficulties will not come from further advances in the same technologies that may have helped cause the problems. Where the real challenge lies, in the view of the new scientist, is in finding ways to produce goods to meet the world’s needs, using less of the raw materials that are becoming scarce.
61. “Human problems” in paragraph 1 refers to the following EXCEPT ____.
A. energy shortage B. food shortage
C. environmental pollution D. population control
62. According to the passage, the markets in the industrialized nations for high technology are ____.
A. promising B. developing rapidly
C. coinciding with the low technology D. almost reaching its limits
63. Which of the following best summarizes the theme of the passage?
A. Human problems cannot be solved by the technology.
B. Technology, in whatever form, should meet the needs of the humans.
C. High technology is greatly needed in industrialized nations.
D. How people will make use of raw materials in developing technology.
64. What does the world “Saturation” in the last paragraph mean?
A. hungry B. desperate C. full D. satisfactory
65. What is the writer’s attitude toward human problems in the passage?
A. hopeful B. pessimistic C. critical D. indifferent
非选择题部分
注意事项：
用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。
五、单词或短语的英汉互译（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
(一) 将下列词语译成中文 （5分）
66. product dependability
67. solar power
68. the required reserve
69. inventory carrying costs
70. GDP
（二）将下列词语译成英文 （5分）
71. 贸易差额
72. 所得税
73. 比较优势
74. 可自由支配的收入
75. 需求曲线
六、 英汉句子互译 (本大题共4小题，共15分）
（一）将下列句子译成中文
76. Not a few people are vulnerable to advertisement. (4分)
77. The value of iron rests upon its cheapness and its adaptability to an enormous number of uses. (4分)
（二）将下列句子译成英文
78. 用批量生产方法可降低生产成本。 (3分)
79. 虽然日本的火车通常很拥挤，但火车很好，总是准时出站和进站。 (4分)
