雅思大小作文写作常见误区分析

小作文主要按照题干中的图形的类型来分，大作文按照文章逻辑和文章主题来分。下面小编就和大家分享雅思大小作文写作题型分类，来欣赏一下吧。

雅思大小作文写作题型分类

雅思小作文7大题型

流程图

地图题

饼图

曲线图

混合图

柱状图

表格图

雅思大作文6大题型(按文章逻辑分)

1.for&against,或者是advantage&disadvantage

支持反对类型/有点缺点类型

2.discussion

讨论型

3.to what extent do you agree or disagree

你对某观点的赞成/反对程度

4.cause&effect

问题产生原因和影响

5.problem&solution

问题说明和解决方案

6.compare&contrast

两种观点比较

雅思大作文12大题型(按文章主题分)

一、教育类

A.理论与实践

1.知识和经验的重要性。

2.为什么要上大学。

3.大学理论知识和实践课程的关系。

4.高中毕业的学生是否应该在去大学前要工作或旅游一年

5.高中生评估和挑战老师，会不会没有尊重没有纪律性。

6.成功人士所需素质是不是必须从大学或相似的科研学术机构中去学习。

B.男女生问题

7.大学专业招收的学生男女比例是否应该协调。

8.男女分校的利弊。

二、体育活动类：

1.学生花时间练习体育运动的利与弊/该不该。

2.体育活动造成竞争而非合作的是否应该提倡。

3.体育盛事是否有利于缓解世界紧张局势可以维护世界和平。

三、语言类

1.如何说服他人学习自己母语。

2.英语流行的利弊。

3.机器翻译的发展是否导致不必学外语。

4.英语和国际旅游业的流行会不会导致小语种和小民族的伤害。

四、新闻广告类

1.人们是否只应阅读真实事件或人物。

2.新闻的真实性和好的工作者的素质有关系吗。

3.广告的利与弊。

五、青少年成长类

1.学生变异行为或态度的原因和改善。

2.家庭小孩的惩罚教育是否有效。

3.学生压力是否很大。

4.父母是否应该限制小孩看电视玩游戏而应该看书学习。

5.儿童的性格来自先天还是后天培养。

6 儿童要学会竞争还是学习合作。

7 课余参加有偿劳动是否可以提倡。

六、老年人类

1.我们这一辈人和上辈人区别的重要方式。

2.公司55岁的老人是否应该退休把位置让给年青人。

3.年青人比老年人社会地位高的原因和怎么改善。

七、科技与传统类

1.电脑电视录相等是否替代书籍成为传媒和教育的工具。

2.电脑的普及是否会取代老师的对学生的教育。

3.建立博物馆的目的和手段有哪些。

4.网络的普及影响到生活中家庭成员或是朋友之间的亲密关系。

5.科学技术的发展有多少潜在的危机呢。

6.技术发展是否影响娱乐习惯从而减少创造力。

7 生命工程中的器官移植和试管婴儿等是否符合人道。

八、金钱类

1.人类登月类似研究浪费金钱和时间么。

2.医生应以救人为主，不论病人之贫和利益。

3.向朋友借钱会否影响友谊及其原因。

4.花钱买东西或用东西交换的各自好处你喜欢哪种?

5.体育专业的费用是否应该应该比其它重要专业的费用多。

九、国家政府类

1.政府是否应该重视传统和艺术。

2.发展中国家是应该致力于发展本国的科技研究还是去发展人文教育呢。

3.政府花钱在艺术上还是其他事情上。

4.政府财政支持在科学上还是语言商业上。

5.你的国家城乡差距大的原因和解决。

6.电影教给你其他国家的哪些概况

7.富国是否应该帮助穷国。

8.你的国家和其他地方有何相似，如何相似。

9.政府是否该为母亲的工作提供帮助和资源。

10.国外工作一段时期对个人和国家有何影响。

十、变革类

1.发明什么是你的愿望。

2.改变家乡的一个重要举措。

3.新千年是否符合世界变化的机会和你希望如何变化。

4.人类为什么变得长寿。

十一、环境类

1.如何改进地区公园或国家公园。

2.动物做宠物还是野生动物。

3.是否应该关闭动物园。

4.小轿车是否利大于弊。

5.吸烟是否应该非法化。

6.一个国家和城市的环境保护是应该由个人，团体(公司)和政府来共同承担。

十二、个人看法类

1.拥有土地后如何运用。

2.喜欢亲自动手还是喜欢机器。

3.对独处还是和朋友相处的看法。

4.玩游戏是否一定要赢。

5.安乐死是否会合法化。

6.游客是否应当遵从当地风俗习惯。

7.堕胎应该提倡还是认为是非人道。

8.对现在工作压力大但是闲暇时间非常少有什么看法。

9.名人是否因隐私付出代价及是否应该拥有此权

10.工作需要的转变和自身适应。

雅思写作高分四大障碍

障碍一：轻视小作文。

由于小作文占作文分数的三分之一，大作文占三分之二(part2 carries more weight than part one)，很多学生都高度重视大作文，却忽视了小作文的重要性。有些同学平时几乎很少练习小作文(即图表作文)，在考场上20分钟内往往写不完，结果挤占了大作文的写作时间。

障碍二：过于依赖作文模板。

小编发现，照搬模板的同学写作分数基本上都在5-5.5分之间，从没上过6分。也有一些学生分数上6的，他们的共同特点是没用模板，自己写，。所以如果希望分数在6分以上的话，最好远离模板，自己原创。

障碍三：未写完或偏题。

一些学生由于考试的时候没有控制好时间，作文没有写完就交卷了。这主要体现在两个方面：

第一、字数明显不够。

第二、没有完整的结尾段。

还有一些学生写着写着，一不小心就偏题，甚至跑题。因此要想取得保底的5分，首先要确保按时写完，而且不能偏题或跑题。

障碍四：思路窄，论证不够充分。

思路窄是很多学生写作时的常见问题。由于现在雅思考生呈现出低龄化现象，这部分考生人生阅历浅，对各种社会问题缺乏认识。在考试中，他们普遍面临对问题本身没有太多了解，甚至用中文都感觉无话可说。另一方面，有些同学光有分论点，却没有能够对论点进行有效的论证。这些都导致其作文分数不高。同学们在备考雅思写作的时候，应该注意拓宽思路，多关注新闻和各类社会问题，多积累论点和论据。

雅思写作如何保持连贯性和一致性

连贯性(coherence)

连贯性包括意连和形连两个方面，前者指的是内在的逻辑性，后者指的是使用转换词语。当然这两者常常是不可分割的。只有形连而没有意连，句子之间就没有内在的有机的联系;反之，只有意连而没有形连，有时行文就不够流畅。

1)意连

段落中句子的排列应遵循一定的次序，不能想到什么就写什么。如果在下笔之前没有构思，边写边想，写写停停，那就写不出一气呵成的好文章来。下面介绍几种常见的排列方式。

A.按时间先后排列(chronological arrangement)

We had a number of close calls that day. When we rose, it was obviously late and we had to hurry so as not to miss breakfast; we knew the dining room staff was strict about closing at nine o'clock. Then, when we had been driving in the desert for nearly two hours ----- it must have been close to noon ---- the heat nearly hid us in; the radiator boiled over and we had to use most of our drinking water to cool it down. By the time we reached the mountain, it was four o'clock and we were exhausted. Here, judgement ran out of us and we started the tough climb to the summit, not realizing that darkness came suddenly in the desert. Sure enough, by six we were struggling and Andrew very nearly went down a steep cliff, dragging Mohammed and me along with him. By nine, when the wind howled across the flat ledge of the summit, we knew as we shivered together for warmth that it had not been our lucky day.

本段从"rose"(起床)写起，然后是吃早餐("not to miss breakfast", "closing at nine o'clock")，然后是"close to noon"，一直写到这一天结束("By nine--")。

B.按位置远近排列(spatial arrangement)。例如：From a distance, it looked like a skinny tube, but as we got closer, we could see it flesh out before our eyes. It was tubular, all right, but fatter than we could see from far away. Furthermore, we were also astonished to notice that the building was really in two parts: a pagoda sitting on top of a tubular one-story structure. Standing ten feet away, we could marvel at how much of the pagoda was made up of glass windows. Almost everything under the wonderful Chinese roof was made of glass, unlike the tube that it was sitting on, which only had four. Inside, the tube was gloomy, because of the lack of light. Then a steep, narrow staircase took us up inside the pagoda and the light changed dramatically. All those windows let in a flood of sunshine and we could see out for miles across the flat land.

本段的写法是由远及近，从远处("from a distance")写起，然后"get closer"，再到(" ten feet away")，最后是"inside the pagoda"……当然，按位置远近来写不等于都是由远及近。根据需要，也可以由近及远，由表及里等等。

C.按逻辑关系排列(logical arrangement)

a.按重要性顺序排列(arrangement insgroupsof importance)

If you work as a soda jerker, you will, of course, not need much skill in expressing yourself to be effective. If you work on a machine, your ability to express yourself will be of little importance. But as soon as you move one step up from the bottom, your effectiveness depends on your ability to reach others through the spoken or the written word. And the further away your job is from manual work, the larger the organization of which you are an employee, the more important it will be that you know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking. In the very large business organization, whether it is the government, the large corporation, or the Army, this ability to express oneself is perhaps the most important of all the skills a man can possess.

这一段谈的是表达能力，它的重要性与职业，身份有关，从"not need much skill"或"of little importance"到"more important"，最后是"most important"。

b.由一般到特殊排列(general-to-specific arrangement)

If a reader is lost, it is generally because the writer has not been careful enough to keep him on the path. This carelessness can take any number of forms. Perhaps a sentence is so excessively cluttered that the reader, hacking his way through the verbiage, simply doesn't know what it means. Perhaps a sentence has been so shoddily constructed that the reader could read it in any of several ways. Perhaps the writer has switched tenses, or has switched pronouns in mid-sentence, so the reader loses track of when the action took place or who is talking. Perhaps sentence B is not logical sequel to sentence A ---- the writer, in whose head the connection is clear, has not bothered to provide the missing link. Perhaps the writer has used an important word incorrectly by not taking the trouble to look it up. He may think that "sanguine" and "sanguinary" mean the same thing, but the difference is a bloody big one. The reader can only infer what the writer is trying to imply.

这一段谈的是a writer's carelessness，先给出一个general statement作为主题句，然后通过5个"perhaps"加以例证。

c.由特殊到一般排列(specific-to-general arrangement)

I do not understand why people confuse my Siamese cat, Prissy, with the one I had several years ago, Henry. The two cats are only alike in breed. Prissy, a quiet, feminine feline, loves me dearly but not possessively. She likes to keep her distance from people, exert her independence and is never so rude as to beg, lick, or sniff unceremoniously. Her usual posture is sitting upright, eyes closed, perfectly still. Prissy is a very proper cat. Henry, on the other hand, loved me dearly but possessively. He was my shadow from morning till night. He expected me to constantly entertain him. Henry never cared who saw him do anything, whether it was decorous or not, and he usually offended my friends in some way. The cat made himself quite comfortable, on the top of the television, across stranger's feet or laps, in beds, drawers, sacks, closets, or nooks. The difference between them is imperceptible to strangers.

本段的主题句是段首句，它仅提出一个问题：为什么两只猫会被搞混。然后对两者进行比较，末句才下结论。

2)形连

行文的逻辑性常常要靠适当的转换词语及其他手段来实现。请读下面这一段文字并找出文中用以承上启下的词语：

Walter's goal in life was to become a successful surgeon. First, though, he had to get through high school, so he concentrated all his efforts on his studies --- in particular, biology, chemistry, and math. Because he worked constantly on these subjects, Walter became proficient in them; however, Walter forgot that he needed to master other subjects besides those he had chosen. As a result, during his junior year of high school, Walter failed both English and Latin. Consequently, he had to repeat these subjects and he was almost unable to graduate on schedule. Finally, on June 6, Walter achieved the first step toward realizing his goal.

本文中起承上启下的词语有两种，一种是转换词语(transitional words or phrases)，另一种是起转换作用的其他连接手段(linking devices)。前者依次有：first, though, so, in particular, and, because, however, besides, as a result, both…and, consequently, and, finally.后者依次是：he, he, his, his, he, these, them, he, those, his, he, these, his.本段1有词汇105个，所使用的转换词语及其他连接用语共26个词，约占该段总词汇量的四分之一。由此可见，掌握好transitions不仅对行文的流畅(smoothness)有益，而且对于学生在规定时间内写足所要求的字数也是不无好处的。

一个段落里如果没有transitions也就很难有coherence了.我们看下面一个例子：

Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds. Writing uses written symbols. Speech developed about 500 000 years ago. Written language is a recent development. It was invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal. The word choice of writing is often relatively formal. Pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from. Pronunciation and accent are ignored in writing. A standard diction and spelling system prevails in the written language of most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and rise and fall of the voice. Writing lacks gesture, loudness and the rise and fall of the voice. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.

本段中除了第6句开头出现一个起过渡作用的"it"之外，没有使用其他的过渡词语.这样，文中出现许多重复的词语，全段读起来也显得生硬而不自然。如果加上必要的过渡词语来修饰的话，这一段就成了下面一个流畅连贯的段落：

Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds; writing, on the other hand, uses written symbols. Speech was developed about 500 000 years ago, but written language is a recent development, invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal, while the word choice of writing, by contrast, is often relatively formal. Although pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from, they are ignored in wiring because a standard diction and spelling system prevails in most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and the rise and fall of the voice, but writing lacks these features. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.

有损连贯性的几种情况：

考生在写作中经常出现下面几种错误：

1)不必要的改变时态，比如：

In the movie, Robert Redford was a spy. He goes to his office where he found everybody dead. Other spies wanted to kill him, so he takes refuge with Julie Christie. At her house, he had waited for the heat to die down, but they come after him anyway.

2)不必要的改变单复数，比如：

Everybody looks for satisfaction in his life. They want to be happy. But if he seeks only pleasure in the short run, the person will soon run out of pleasure and life will catch up to him. They need to pursue the deeper pleasure of satisfaction in work and in relationships.

3)不必要的改变人称，比如：

Now more than ever, parents need to be in touch with their children's activities because modern life has the tendency to cause cleavages in the family. You need to arrange family like it so that family members will do things together and know one another. You need to give up isolated pleasures of your own and realize that parents have a set of obligations to sponsor togetherness and therefore sponsor knowledge.

因此写作中，一定要注意时态，人称以及数的变化是否正确，要注意保持一致。