托福听力3大重点考察能力训练方法

托福听力高分学霸是如何快速提分的?这4个方法值得一试,今天小编给大家带来托福听力高分学霸是如何快速提分的,希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福听力高分学霸是如何快速提分的?这4个方法值得一试

提升托福听力做笔记准确性

在托福听力进行中，材料是只读一遍的，而且在有些题目中，考生只有在材料播放完之后才能看到题目。正因如此，考生在听的过程中做好笔记就成为了一个非常重要的环节。在记录笔记的过程中，大家要做到条理清晰、书写尽量工整、提倡使用一些自己惯用的缩写和图形来表达，提高记笔记的效率，并能够为答题时候高效准确地提取信息打下良好的基础。而只有这样，大家在看到了题目后，才能根据之前所记录的笔记，有条理地分析出最终答案。如果对听力材料的内容理解不是特别充分，或者对可能考查的重点及细节把握不够，都会造成听完材料之后却对题目不知如何着手，这就要求大家在听材料的过程中，除去对材料本身的理解把握及记录之外，还应该注意对话中谈话双方对所谈论内容的观点及态度，从而从整体上感知材料，形成对材料的整体的全面的把握。

边听边写保持节奏一致

在托福听力备考过程中，听写练习是一个非常重要的环节。而小编建议大家，对于听写练习的开展可以在有了一定听力基础后再正式开始。这么做的原因很简单，听力基础较好的同学可以完全把握好听和写的节奏，在记录“写”的内容时，也可以同时把握好“听”的同步进行，不会有相互博弈的问题产生。很多同学听写中常会自己跟自己打架，顾着听就来不及写，专心写又没听清后面说的内容，结果听也没听懂，记录也乱七八糟自己都看不懂。想要避免这种问题，考生一定要练好听与写之间的平衡和节奏感。

练习听力后多做总结提升弱项

在听力练习完成之后，考生也不能简单地核对答案就觉得万事大吉。大家最好在核对答案的同时做好记录，查看一下自己有没有在同类问题或者相似内容出现反复错误的情况，通过对比发现可能存在的一些薄弱环节和高频盲区，及时调整之后的训练目标，有针对性地迅速搞定弱点问题，让自己的练习能有真正的快速提升。

改善读音问题听准听力素材

有些考生可能会觉得，读音和听力有什么关系。实际上，不标准的发音不仅会影响到大家的口语考试，对于听力同样也是有损害的。明明标准发音是那样，考生自身认知的发音却有所差异，到了听力考试中就容易出现明明听到但听不懂的情况。实际上，因为发音问题导致自己听不懂标准考试听力发音的情况并不少见。而托福考试作为一门英语能力综合测试，各个题型之间所需求的英语能力其实也是相互关联的，纠正了读音问题，不仅会直接让各位的口语能力得到提升，也会让听力间接受益。因此，纠正读音问题对于听力来说也是必不可少的。

2020托福听力练习：近亲繁殖的鸣禽易走调

Just like humans have to learn to talk, songbirds aren't just born singing—they have to learn to carry a tune. "So in the beginning they just babble." Raissa de Boer, a behavioral ecologist at the University of Antwerp in Belgium. "And they learn from a tutor, so they need an example song in order to learn it."

She says the example song might come from the chick's father. And over time, the baby bird tweaks that tweet, to make it its own. "And then it takes almost a year until they're fully adult, until the next spring, for the final song to come out."

De Boer and her colleagues investigated that song-learning process in canaries, using two groups of baby birds: the first consisted of inbred birds, whose parents were siblings; the second had parents that were unrelated. And the researchers found that the songs of inbred birds and those of the other, outbred birds sound... pretty similar to the human ear. "I cannot tell the difference."

But computer analysis revealed that the inbred birds sang notes at slightly different pitches—and with tones that were not quite as pure. "So basically they sang out of tune, in comparison to outbred birds." The results appear in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B.

And even though our untrained ears have a hard time telling the tones apart, female canaries seemed to notice. They tended to lay smaller eggs, and fewer of them, when they mated with inbred birds as opposed to the better songsters. Suggesting that the quality of a songbird's genes may be revealed in its tunes.

就像人类要学习说话一样，鸣禽也不是天生就会唱歌，它们也要学习唱歌不走调。“一开始它们只是呀呀学语。”蕾伊莎·德·波尔是比利时安特卫普大学行耿生态学家。她说，“它们跟随导师学习，所以它们在学习时需要一首典型歌曲。”

她表示，典型歌曲可能来自于雏鸟的父亲。随着时间的推移，雏鸟不断调整这种叫声，然后演变成它自己的叫声。“大概需要一年的时间，到雏鸟成年、到下一个春天来临的时候，最终的歌曲才会成形。”

德·波尔和她的同事用两组雏鸟对金丝雀学习歌曲的过程进行了研究：第一组是近亲繁殖生出的雏鸟，它们的父母是兄弟姐妹;第二组雏鸟的父母则没有任何关系。研究人员发现，人耳听起来，近亲繁殖鸟儿和非近亲繁殖鸟儿的歌声非常类似。“我不能分辨两者的区别。”

但是电脑分析显示，近亲生鸟儿唱出的歌曲音高不同，而且音调也不太纯。“所以基本上来说，与非近亲生鸟儿相比，近亲生鸟儿其实是跑调的。”这一研究结果发表在《皇家学会学报B》上。

虽然我们人类未经训练的耳朵很难区分这两种音调，但是看起来雌性金丝雀却能注意到两者的区别。当雌性金丝雀同近亲交配，而不是与更好的鸣禽交配时，它们产下的蛋个头较小，而且数量也会减少。这表明鸣禽的基因质量可能会显示在它们的歌声中。

重点讲解：

1. in order to 为了;以便;目的在于;

例句：They did this in order to head off the crisis.

他们这样做以防止发生危机。

2. consist of 由…组成;由…构成;

例句：A molecule of water consists of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen.

水分子含有两个氢原子和一个氧原子。

3. in comparison to 与…相比;与…比较而言;

例句：In comparison to city life, life in the country is quiet and peaceful.

同城市生活相比，乡村生活既和平又宁静。

4. tell apart 区分;区别;辨别;

例句：Perhaps it is the almost universal use of flavourings that makes it so hard to tell the products apart.

或许是因为调料的使用几乎千篇一律才使得那些产品难以区分开。

5. as opposed to 而不是;

例句：Permission to be employed in this manner is issued to an individual, as opposed to an employer.

这种形式的工作许可是签发给申请人个人的，而不是给雇主的。

2020托福听力练习：军舰鸟可连续飞行两个月

Great frigate birds are extraordinary creatures. They're seabirds with six-foot wingspans, yet they weigh only about three pounds. Their preferred food: flying fish—which they pluck out of the air above the water's surface. Frigate birds' feathers aren't waterproof, so landing on the water to fish is a no-go.

Now, scientists have discovered that great frigate birds do something else amazing: they can fly for up to two months at a time without landing.

Researchers already knew that these birds took extended trips over the Indian and Pacific Oceans to feed. But in a new study, scientists used tracking devices to follow the movement and vital signs of birds from the island of Europa, near Madagascar. They discovered that the birds have a highly specialized strategy for staying aloft.

"When they are traveling, most of the time, they flap very infrequently their wings."

Henri Weimerskirch, an ecologist at the National Center for Scientific Research in France.

"In fact, what they are doing, they are doing sort of a roller coaster flight where they take altitude. Even they can climb up to 3,000 or 4,000 meters, and when they climb, they do not flap their wings at all."

Weimerskirch and his colleagues found that the birds climb currents of rising air associated with cumulus clouds, circling upwards the way hawks and vultures do over land. Then they glide back down again, hardly flapping. By using atmospheric conditions to their advantage, the birds covered an average of 420 kilometers a day almost effortlessly. The study is in the journal Science.

The researchers also discovered that the birds endure some harrowing conditions on their voyage, including some thrills and chills.

"When you enter into the clouds, there's a lot of turbulence. After, when you see from the recording on the logger of the bird, when they are at 4,000 meters, the temperatures are negative. It's a tropical bird. It's a bird that has no specific down like geese that are operating in the Arctic. So they are encountering sort of a polar temperature, but it's a typical tropical bird."

Of course, the birds have to eat during their journey. The researchers found that diving down to the sea surface to snatch a meal consumed most of the birds' energy, even though it only occupied about 10 percent of their time.

"When they are climbing, they have a period where there is no movement at all during several minutes. And so, during this time is probably the time when they are sleeping."

That's right—like many others who make long-distance flights, great frigate birds catch a little shut-eye along the way.

大军舰鸟是一种特别的生物。它们属于海鸟，拥有长达6英尺的翼展，但重量只有3磅。大军舰鸟偏爱的食物是可以在海面上捕获的飞鱼。军舰鸟的羽毛并不防水，所以让它们降落在水面上捕鱼是不可能的。

现在，科学家发现了军舰鸟令人惊讶的能力：它们能在空中连续飞行两个月不着陆。

研究人员已经知道这些鸟会在飞过印度洋和太平洋的长途跋涉中觅食。在一项新研究中，科学家使用追踪设备追踪马达加斯加附近欧罗巴岛上的军舰鸟的活动和生命体征。他们发现，军舰鸟的高空飞行拥有高度专业化的策略。

“飞行中的大部分时间，它们很少拍打翅膀。”

亨利·维莫斯克奇是法国国家科学研究中心的生态学家。

“事实上，它们所做的就是在它们所飞行的高度像过山车一样飞行。它们甚至可以爬升到 3000或 4000米的高度，而它们在爬升时根本不拍打翅膀。”

维莫斯克奇和他的同事发现，这些军舰鸟借助积云形成的上升气流盘旋爬升，就像老鹰与秃鹫一样。然后它们会向下滑行，几乎不需要拍打翅膀。利用对它们有利的大气条件，军舰鸟平均每天可以毫不费力地飞行420公里，这项研究结果发表在《科学》杂志上。

研究人员还发现，军舰鸟在飞行途中忍受了一些痛苦的条件，包括刺激和寒冷的情况。

“进入云层以后会遇到很多乱流。查看军舰鸟追踪器上的记录时你会发现，它们在4000米的高度飞行时，温度已经在零度以下。军舰鸟是一种热带鸟，就像在北极生活的鹅一样，军舰鸟也没有确切的活动时间，因此它们会遇到极低的温度，但军舰鸟是典型的热带鸟。”

当然，军舰鸟肯定要在途中觅食。研究人员发现，军舰鸟会潜到海面上捕食，这消耗了其大部分能量，即使这只占它们旅途时间的10%。

“在爬升时，军舰鸟有几分钟的时间处于完全不活动状态。这表明这段时间可能是它们的睡眠时间。”

没错，就像许多其他人乘坐长途航班时一样，军舰鸟也会在途中打个盹儿。

重点讲解：

1. in fact 事实上，其实;

例句：She is by no means poor: in fact, she's quite rich.

她可不穷，其实她很阔。

2. be associated with (与…)相关的;相联系的;

例句：In children's minds, summers are associated with picnics.

在孩子们看来，夏天总是和郊游连在一起的。

3. to one's advantage (尤指转变不利情况使之)对…有利;

例句：It will be to his advantage if he studies hard.

假如他努力学习，就会对他有利。

4. even though 即使;尽管;纵然;

例句：I like her even though she can be annoying.

尽管她有时很恼人，但我还是喜欢她。