托福听力讲座天文类话题结构介绍和举例

托福听力的讲座部分中，文学类相关的话题一直是比较热门的一个话题，而围绕这个话题也会有许多专门的词汇需要大家去了解。下面小编就和大家分享托福听力必备高频话题词汇整理,希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。

托福听力必备高频话题词汇整理 常见文学类词汇一览

托福听力高频话题文学类常见词汇汇总

literary studies 文学研究

literary criticism 文学评论

narrative 叙述

narrator 叙述者，人称

school of literature 文学派别

Realism 现实主义

Romanticism 浪漫主义

surrealism 超现实主义

stream of consciousness 意识流

William Shakespeare 威廉. 莎士比亚

莎翁四大悲剧：Hamlet 汉姆雷/Macbeth 麦克白/King Lear 李尔王/Othello 奥赛罗

Mid-summer Night Dream 仲夏夜之梦

O'henry 欧亨利

Mark Twin 马克吐温

Tolstoy 托尔斯泰

content 目录

summary 总结

annotation 注释

reference 参考文献

authorship 著作权

copyright 版权

fairy tale 童话故事

folk tale 民间故事

legend 传说

literature 文学

poetry 诗歌

poem 诗

poet 诗人

heroic poem 英雄主义诗歌

sonnet 十四行诗

biography传记

autobiography 自传

drama 戏剧

prose 散文

novel 小说

novelist 小说家

allegory 寓言

comparative literature 比较文学

editorial 社论

editor 编辑

fiction 小说

non-fiction 非小说类

abstract 摘要

preface 序言

prologue 前言

main body 主体

plot 情节

托福听力练习对照文本

Good evening. My name is Pam Jones, and on behalf of the Modern Dance club, I'd like to welcome you to tonight's program.

晚上好，我的名字叫Pam Jones，代表现代舞俱乐部，我想欢迎大家来到今晚的节目。

The club is pleased to present the TV version of The Catherine Wheel, Twyla Tharp's rock ballet.

本俱乐部很荣幸地介绍Catherine Wheel(凯萨琳车轮)的电视版，Twyla Tharp的摇滚芭蕾舞。

This video version of the ballet has been even more successful with audiences than the original theater production.

这个芭蕾舞的视频版在观众中甚至已获得比原始的剧场作品更大的成功。

It includes some animation, slow motion, and stop-action freezes that really help the audience understand the dance.

它包括了一些动画，慢动作，和静止动作等能真正帮助观众理解舞蹈。

The title of the piece refers to Saint Catherine, who died on a wheel in 307 A.D.

这个作品的名字指的是Saint Catherine(圣凯瑟琳)，她于公元307年死于一个轮子上

Nowadays, a Catherine wheel is also a kind of firework.

现如今，Catherine Wheel也是一种烟火(转轮烟火)

It looks something like a pinwheel.

它看起来像某种转轮焰火。

Anyway, the dance is certainly full of fireworks!

不管怎样，该舞蹈确实充满了焰火!

You'll see how Twyla Tharp explores one family's attempt to confront the violence in modern life.

你将会看到Twyla Tharp是如何探究一个家庭在现代生活中面对暴力的尝试

The central symbol of the work is a pineapple, but exactly what it represents has always created a lot of controversy.

作品的核心象征是一个菠萝，但是究竟它代表了什么一直引起诸多争议

As you watch, see if you can figure it out.

当你们观看的时候，看看你们能否弄明白

The music for this piece is full of the rhythmic energy of rock music.

这篇作品的配乐充满了摇滚乐的节奏能量

It was composed by David Byrne.

由David Byrne作曲，

Of the rock band Talking Heads?

(David Byrne)貌似是来自摇滚乐队Talking Heads?

And the lead dancer in this version was Sara Rudner, who is perfectly suited to Tharp's adventurous choreography.

这个版本的领舞是Sara Rudner，她完全适合Tharp的大胆的编舞

Following the video, dance teacher Mary Parker will lead a discussion about the symbolism Ms. Tharp used.

伴随着视频，舞蹈老师Mary Parker将会引导一个关于Ms. Tharp所用的象征主义的讨论。

We hope you can stay for that.

我们希望你们能够为此而留下

So, enjoy tonight's video and thank you for your support.

那么，享受今晚的视频，并且感谢大家的支持

托福听力练习对照文本

Did you ever wonder why it is that most people are "programmed" to sleep at night instead of during the day?

你有没有琢磨过为什么大多数人都是“程序化的”晚上睡觉而不是白天?

If there's something about the cycle of light and dark that's telling us when to sleep, then shouldn't the sleep cycle of a blind person be different?

如果有某种关于光暗循环的(东东)告诉我们什么时候该睡觉，那么盲人的睡眠周期是否应该不一样呢?

As it turns out, many blind people—people with no visual perception of light at all—do have the same sleep cycle as sighted people.

事实证明，许多盲人——没有任何光的视觉感知的人——同视力正常的人有着同样的睡眠周期。

So now you're wondering, "How can this happen?"

所以你现在得寻思，“怎么能发生呢?”

The answer is: hormones, one hormone in particular. It's called melatonin.

答案是：荷尔蒙，特别是一种荷尔蒙。它叫做褪黑激素。

In sighted people, the level of melatonin goes up at night, or when it's dark, and goes down in the day, or when it's light.

在视力正常的人中，褪黑激素的水平在夜里或黑暗时上升，在白天或光线中下降。

It's believed that it's the presence of this hormone in the blood that gives us the urge to sleep.

人们相信是这种荷尔蒙在血液中的存在给了我们睡觉的迫切要求。

If an increase in melatonin level "programs" sighted people to sleep at night, then what about blind people?

如果褪黑激素水平的增加“程序化”了视觉正常的人在夜里睡觉，那么对于盲人怎么样呢?

A researcher, named Dr. Charles Czeisler, tells about an interesting experiment.

一个研究者，名叫Charles Czeisler博士，讲述了一个有趣的实验。

He tried shining a bright light into the eyes of some blind people.

他尝试把一束强光射入某些盲人的眼中。

When he did this, he noticed that the level of the melatonin in the blood of these subjects went down just as it would do for sighted people.

当他这么做时，它注意到在这些实验对象的血液中的褪黑激素的水平下降了，正如对视力正常的人如此做一样。

Somehow, the eyes of these subjects, even though they were damaged and had no visual perception of light, could tell their brain when there was more or less light.

不知何故，这些实验对象的眼睛，即使它们被损坏了，并且没有对光线的视觉感知，也能告诉他们的大脑什么时候有多或者少的光线。

Now, this doesn't work for all blind people;

哦，这并不适用于所有盲人。

in fact, most of Czeisler's subjects had no hormonal response to light at all.

事实上，大多数Czeisler的实验对象对光线根本没有荷尔蒙的反应。

Further research may be able to explain this sensitivity to light in terms of the type of blindness of the subject.

进一步的研究也许能依据实验对象的失明的类型来解释这种感光灵敏度。