宾语从句小口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词;主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制;主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时;陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。【练习题】1. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me ___?A. where you buy it B. where do you buy itC. where you bought it D. where did you buy it2.—Excuse me .Could you tell me_____ I can get to the Space Museum?--Of course. You can take bus No.1.A. where B. how C. if D. why3.—Do you know ________the new mobile phone last week?--Maybe 900 yuan. I’m not quite sure.A. how much she paid for B. how much will she pay for C. how much did she pay for4. Michael Jordan has failed over and over again in his life.And that’s ____ he succeeds .A. what B. when C. why D. where5. Alice in Wonderland is a fantastic movie. It’s about ______.A. how did Alice end the Red Queen’s reign of terror(恐怖统治)B. what did Alice end the Red Queen’s reign of terrorC. how Alice ended the Red Queen’s reign of terrorD. what Alice ended the Red Queen’s reign of terror6. —Do you know ________the girl in red is?—I’m not sure. Maybe a teacher.A. when B. how C. where D. what7.—What did your parents thank about your decision?--They always let me do _______I think I should.A. when B. that C. how D. what8. I want to know ________.A. when we should arrive at the airport B. when should we arrive at the airportC. when the airport we should arrive at D. when the airport should we arrive at9. --Would you please tell me __________?--At 10:00 this evening.A. when will the train leave B. when the train will leave C. when does the train leave10.—Could you tell me________?--Fill in this form and I will give you a card.A. how I can meet Cathy B. where I can meet Cathy C. when I can meet Cathy11. –Do you know ________ the man with sunglasses is?-I’m not sure. Maybe a reporter.A. who B. what C. where D. how12. -Tommy, do you know if Frank ________ to the zoo this Sunday if it ________?-Sorry, I have no idea.A. will go; is fine B. goes; is fine C. will go; is going to be fine D. goes; will be fine13. No one can be sure_________ in a million years.A. what man looks like B. what will man look likeC. what man looked like D. what man will look like14. Sue told me that she _________ shopping with her sister the next day.A. will go B. would go C. goes D. has gone15. The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder _________.A. how much it cost B. how much did it cost C. how much it costs D. how much does it cost16. -When do you think _________?-About half past five. I will pick him up at the airport.A. he will come B. will he come C. did he come D. he came17. Our teacher told us the sun ________ in the east.A. rise B. rose C. rising D. rises18. --Listen! It is still noisy in the head teacher’s office.-Go and see ________ they have finished correcting the papers yet.A. though B. whether C. unless D. while19. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China?-Sorry. I don’t know ________.A. when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroadC. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abroad20. –Do you know ________ the man with sunglasses is?-I’m not sure. Maybe a reporter.A. who B. what C. where D. how参考答案及解析1【解析】选C2【解析】选B3【解析】选A4【解析】选C5【解析】选C6【解析】选D7【解析】选D8【解析】选A9【解析】选B10【解析】选A11【解析】选B 12【解析】选A。结合题意“汤姆，如果天气好的话，你知道弗兰克这个星期六将去动物园吗?”可知第一个空是宾语从句，要用一般将来时，第二个空是条件状语从句，要用一般现在时，故排除B、C、D三项，选A。13【解析】选D。从语序方面先排除B，另结合时间状语in a million years可知要用一般将来时，14【解析】选B。结合主句中的told和从句中的the next day可知要用过去将来时，故排除A、C、D三项15【解析】选C16【解析】选A。问句是带有插入语do you think的宾语从句，要用陈述语序，先排除B、C二项;另结合答句中的will pick him up可知要用一般将来时，故舍D选A。17【解析】选D。从句中所说“太阳从东边升起”是客观事实，所以不管主句用什么时态，从句总是用一般现在时，故正确答案为D.18【解析】选B。考查whether引导的宾语从句。结合题意“去看看他们是否已改完了试卷”19【解析】选D20【解析】选B。四个选项都可以引导宾语从句，结合答语“Maybe a reporter.”可知问句是在询问人的职业，故正确答案为B。题意为“你知道那个戴眼镜的男人是做什么的吗?”详细讲解1 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)2.连接词(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用ifeg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时， 只用whether.eg, Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whether u go or not?c. if当如果讲时， 引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词;引导词后要用陈述句语序。E.g. Could you tell me what's the matterwrong with you?特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词+do you think+陈述句语序。3.宾语从句时态a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：Do you know(if/whether he has seen the film)?b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如：I didn't know (if/whether he had seen the film.)注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：He said (that the earth moves round the sun.)The teacher told us (that light travels much faster than sound.)4.、人称的变化和标点的使用a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致;如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致;如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：(一主二宾三不变)“May I use your knife?”He asked me.→He asked me if he might use my knife.“Do you know her telephone number?”He asked me.→He asked me if I know her telephone number.b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号;主句是疑问句，用问号。如：Who will give us a talk? I don’t know. →I don’t know who will give us a talk.Do you know?Where does he live? →Do you know where he lives?二、宾语从句的转化1.2. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths.→She agreed to help me with my maths.2.当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。例如：I don't know which sweater I should buy.→I don't know which sweater to buy.3.当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词+不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。如：→Could you tell me how to get to the park?4. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.→She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.
2017中考生物模拟试题及答案
