托福写作：攻破难题的制胜法宝之拆分法

托福写作考试比较注重同学们的文章结构，而开头部分是同学们最难起笔，那么该如何应对托福写作中的开头部分呢? 今天小编给大家带来了如何写托福作文开头，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

如何写托福作文开头

托福写作考试比较注重同学们的文章结构，因此会存在结构松散，首尾不呼应等问题，尤其是开头部分，总能让考生难以起笔。该如何应对托福写作中的开头部分呢? 本文小编将带来开头部分方法解说，希望能够帮助到正在备考托福的同学们!万事开头难，考生都希望有一个完美的，吸引注意的，迅速表明主旨的开头，除了常规的背开头模板，似乎已经没有招数了，今天就安利大家如何使用副词，插入语，形容词作为开头。

一.用副词开头

(1) 副词修饰全句

举例：

Luckily, he didn’t know my phone number; otherwise, he would bother me.

Incredibly, Helena got straight A in her school report this semester.

Interestingly, cats and dogs can hardly get along well in a house.

修饰全句常用的副词有：

Obviously, undoubtedly, apparently, fortunately, clearly, unfortunately, incredibly, luckily, unluckily, surprisingly, frighteningly...

这些副词大多数表示说话人对全句的看法，在意思上相等于 “It is ... 形容词that ...” 。 例:

Obviously, he is nervous about the test. = It is obvious that he is nervous about the test.

Unfortunately, he tripped over and fell in the mud. =It is unfortunate that he tripped over and fell in the mud.

(2) 强调副词

Hurriedly, the man drew me a scratch map to show me the direction.

Dangerously, the drunkard sped down the street.

Slowly and gently, snowflakes were drifting down from the sky.

(3) 副词表示某一地域或某一领域

Geographically, Canada is the biggest country in the world.

Financially, she is independent, but emotionally she is dependent.

二.用插入语开头

表示说话人的态度，或使句子的意思更加准确。

Strangely enough, Jennifer does not enjoy sunshine and beach.

Generally speaking, winter in Vancouver is gloomy.

类似的插入语有：

No wonder, no doubt, in other words, in my opinion, in conclusion, in fact, as a matter of fact

三.用形容词、并列形容词或形容词短语开头

修饰句子的主语，表示主语的特征或状态。

Frantic, the young mother rushed out the door with the baby in her arms.

Tasty and crisp, potato chip are a favorite snack for both children and adults.

Happy at his good marks at school, the little boy skipped on his way home.

Desperate and hopeless, the poor man committed suicide.

托福语法笔记改错：词序颠倒

一、单个的分词修饰名词时，可前置也可后置，通常后置

the region studied

the studied region

二、一个或两个介词的短语修饰名词时，通常后置

三、常考的最长的词序

the + 最高级+adv+(分词+adj)+noun.+noun.

~~~~~~~~~这两个前后不确定

the oldest continuously occupied permnant settlement

四、动词短语为完成时或被动式，修饰动词短语的adv夹在中间

have already done

be well done

have not yet rach

be made originally from

be come chiefly from

如果动词短语中有个介词，副词应当放在介词前

五、以分词为中心的合成形容词，应将分词置于词尾

eating plant animals应改为

plant-eating animals

同样的还有：warm-blooded animals

bridge-built material

cup-shaped sculpture

.项中的合成形容词便是答案

六、more still abundant 错

more修饰adj，adv时　应紧接在adj/adv的前面

more abundant

only, more than, less than修饰数量名词时，应紧接在数量名词前

The bridge is only three feet long.

七、主系表结构

当谓语动词为系动词时，便是主系表结构

主+系+表 对

主+表+系　　　　 错

表+系+主　　　　 对(倒装句中)

to stay warm...

rest motionless

remain committed to

became associated with

常考的系动词有：

rest, stay, remain, mantain, lie, exist, be, become, turn, get

以及感观动词：look, appear, seem, feel, sound, taste

.appear, seem 可接不定式：appear to do; seem to do

八、多种修饰语的次序

限定词|+数词|　　　 +adj. | +noun.

| |描|大|新|　|　|材|

包括：指示代词|序数词|述|小|旧|颜|国|料|

人称代词|基数词|型|形|多|　|　|结|

不定代词| |形|状|少|色|籍|构|

冠词 | |容|长|　|　|　|内|

所有格 | |词|短|　|　|　|容|

The man has the first two beautiful ong old red French sports cars.

托福语法笔记改错：从句

从句

名词性从句 主，宾

表，同位语

修饰性从句 定语从句

状语从句

从句=从句引导词+句子

从句引导词：标明从句的位置

连接代词+不完整句

连接副词+完整句(不作成分)

who + noun. 错

...noun.+which+SVO 错

which+noun. 错(但which group)--->在托考中不用

prep+which+Vt+O 错

noun.+what 错

prep what +SVO 错

when + V 错

where + V 错

that用法：

定语从句：连接代词，在从句中作为成分，+不完整句

主，宾，同位，从句

连接adv,不作成分，+完整句

that的省略用法

that：1，定从 that+be 可省

2，定从 在从句中作宾语可省

3，宾从 某些Vt后可省略 that

.先行词中有：adj最高级，序数词，only,不定代词时，只能用that

wether to do

句子(　主，宾，表，同位语)

句子，wether +句子　　 　错　　　　(不可以引导状语从句)

句子，whether+句子+or not 对

托福语法笔记改错：平行结构

有五到六道题 ..., ..., and ...

由平行连接词连接两个或两个以上的对象构成

一、平衡连接词

1. 单一式：and, or, but

2. 短语式：as well as, rather than, other than, instead of

3. 相关式：both...and, not only ...but also

from..to, either...or

between...and, from...until

the same as, such as, as ...as

neither... nor, not...but, neither...or

二、平行的形式

X and Y

X, Y and Z(不常考)

X, Y, and Z (常考)

三、平行的性质

1. 单复数的平行(不是绝对要平行)

比如：cells, organs, adn tissues

a heart, veius, and arteries

2. 词性的平行

绝对，但是无adj的名词例外

local, state, and national government 对

city and regional planning 对

seasonally, or yearly 错

~~~~~~~~~~adv. ~~~~~~adj.

3. 时态的平行

可以不平行，但是必须有相应的不同时间

4. 结构形式的平行

doing, to do, adj+n, 动+宾 结构要平行

5. 语态的平行

Dallas, Texas, has become a national hub of bank,

~~~~banking

fashion, manufacturing and transportation.

6. 排列位置的平行

主 not only 谓 but also 谓 对

Not only 主谓(倒装)，but also 谓 错

四、not only...but also的省略

1. ...not only...but (also)...

2. Not only 主谓(倒)but 主谓

3. Not only 主谓(倒),(;)主+also+谓

4. Not only... but...as well

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