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托福写作考生须知13个行文大小写常识汇总

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托福写作要写出高分作文,考生在写作的各个方面都有许多细节要点值得注意,那么托福写作中考生主要应该注意哪些要点呢?面小编就和大家分享托福写作高分作文观点例子等4个注意要点分析,来欣赏一下吧。

托福写作高分作文观点例子等4个注意要点分析

托福作文观点要持一立场

针对某一个论题,每一种观点都有它的理由。同样,在托福作文中也不存在着唯一的观点和内容。这时,你可以从两个完全相反的观点中选择一个立场。关键在于你如何说服读者:尽管存在着相反的立场,你的观点从总体上来说仍然是最具说服力的。

一般说来,应该选择那个政治上正确的或者大多数考生会选择的观点。当然,如果你不擅长写这种文章,你可以适当地调整一下内容以适应你较习惯的舒服的表达方式。但总的说来,文章要均衡,不要包含高度争议性的论述。不要把这里当成思想家的论坛。写一篇高度争议性的文章只会让读者对你产生偏见,同时也会使电脑评分器费解,因为这种文章和其数据库里所储存的文章差别太大。所以,针对问题时尽量使用较冷静平和的语气。尽管如此,你也不能不选择一个立场。你必须选择一个将要“出现”在开头段落和结论段落里的观点。当然,考试时,题目会让你选择一种观点,但你必须明确地表述出来。

托福作文内容要有深度

托福 写作每篇文章只有20-30分钟,这么短的时间内你不可能覆盖每一个推理,反驳和例子。当你开始考试时,抽出几分钟的时间确定要写的论点和例子。你不必包含每个论题和概念。大部分学生都没有足够的时间覆盖他想覆盖的内容。所以,只要选择其中最具说服力的点和例子。其实,判分者也不期望你对每个论题都作深入的探讨。

这里最重要的是你的作文不要离题,抓住要点。不要扯远了也不要过分集中在某个例子上。

托福作文例子注意要点分析

托福写作题目会告诉你可以利用自己的经历来展开你的论点,得出结论。这种方法是可以的,但不要过分。你的推理依据应该更偏向于所学到的知识而非个人经历。你所举的例子或者知识可能很吸引人,但不要试图深入。因为托福作文测试的是你基本写作能力,而非你的专业知识。留学生:尽量多读一些美国杂志,以适应美国人写作的习惯和跟上时代的潮流。

托福作文整体风格应保持简洁

试着将自己放在评分者的位置上,他们整天在为作文判分。你希望看到一篇包含5段每段4句的简洁的有效的文章还是4段每段10句的散漫的文章呢?简而言之:确保你的作文干脆,简洁能取悦评分者。在独立写作部分这尤其重要,因为在这里你表达的是你自己的观点。

以上就是托福写作考试的注意事项,考生们要记牢这些,尽量避免问题的发生,一些考生为了增加单词量在句子中添加一些无用词,是整段内容显得冗杂繁琐,这类情形要减少发生,只要在生活中多积累经典语句,在托福写作中自然不会发生凑词凑句的情况发生,平时多积累些名人名言,优美句子,用在都是简单句的作文中,会使得你的作文更有深度。

托福写作:不好的习惯

不一致(Disagreements)所谓不一致不光指主谓不一致,它还包括了数的不一致时态不一致及代词不一致等。

例1. When one have money ,he can do what he want to 。

(人一旦有了钱,他就能想干什么就干什么。)剖析:one是单数第三人称,因而本句的have应改为has ;同理,want应改为wants。本句是典型的主谓不一致。

改为:Once one has money ,he can do what he wants (to do)

修饰语错位(Misplaced Modifiers)英语与汉语不同,同一个修饰语置于句子不同的位置,句子的含义可能引起变化。对于这一点中国学生往往没有引起足够的重视,因而造成了不必要的误解。例1. I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside the campus。

剖析:better位置不当,应置于句末。

句子不完整(Sentence Fragments)在口语中,交际双方可借助手势语气上下文等,不完整的句子完全可以被理解。可是用在托福写作中的书面语就不同了,句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清,这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后,笔者又想加些补充说明时发生。

例1. There are many ways to know the society. For example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on 。

剖析:本句后半部分“for example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on 。”不是一个完整的句子,仅为一些不连贯的词语,不能独立成句。

改为:There are many ways to know society ,for example ,by TV ,radio ,and newspaper。

悬垂修饰语(Dangling Modifiers)所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子的逻辑关系混乱不清。例如:At the age of ten, my grandfather died. 这句中“at the age of ten”只点出十岁时,但没有说明“ 谁”十岁时。按一般推理不可能是my grandfather, 如果我们把这个悬垂修饰语改明确一点,全句就不那么费解了。

改为:

When I was ten, my grandfather died。

例1. To do well in college, good grades are essential。

剖析:句中不定式短语 “to do well in college” 的逻辑主语不清楚。

改为:

To do well in college, a student needs good grades。

词性误用(Misuse of Parts of Speech) “词性误用”常表现为:介词当动词用;形容词当副词用;名词当动词用等。

例1. None can negative the importance of money。

剖析:negative 系形容词,误作动词。

改为:

None can deny the importance of money。

指代不清(Ambiguous Reference of Pronouns)指代不清主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清,或者先后所用的代词不一致。试看下面这一句:

Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid。

(玛丽和我姐姐很要好,因为她要她做她的伴娘。)读完上面这一句话,读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚,谁将当伴娘。如果我们在托福写作中把易于引起误解的代词的所指对象加以明确,意思就一目了然了。这个句子可改为:

Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid。

例1. And we can also know the society by serving it yourself。

剖析:句中人称代词we 和反身代词yourself指代不一致。

改为:

We can also know society by serving it ourselves。

不间断句子(Run-on Sentences)什么叫run-on sentence?请看下面的例句。

例1. There are many ways we get to know the outside world。

剖析:这个句子包含了两层完整的意思:“There are many ways。” 以及“We get to know the outside world。”。简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。

改为:

There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world. 或:

There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world。

措词毛病(Troubles in Diction)Diction 是指在特定的句子中如何适当地选用词语的问题,囿于教学时间紧迫,教师平时在这方面花的时间往往极其有限,影响了学生在写作中没有养成良好的推敲,斟酌的习惯。他们往往随心所欲,拿来就用。所以托福写作中用词不当的错误比比皆是。

例1. The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution。

(农业方面化学物质使用的不断增加也造成了污染。)剖析:显然,考生把obstacles“障碍”,“障碍物”误作substance“物质”了。另外“the increasing use (不断增加的使用)” 应改为“abusive use (滥用)”。

改为:

The abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution。

托福写作:精彩用词

1. important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)

2.common=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)

3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)

4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)

5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)

6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)

7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)

8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)

9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)

10.top=peak, summit www.examda.com/toefl

11.competitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)

12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)

13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)

14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation

15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish

16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)

17.complain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)

18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental

19.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)

20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel

21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)

22.complex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)

23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her)

24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,

25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)

26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly)

27.difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)

28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)

29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)

30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)

31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL)

32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it.)

33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)

34.attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently)

35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much)!

36.ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)

39.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)

40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)

41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)

42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)

43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)

44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)

45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)

46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)

47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)

48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)

49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)

50.hot=boiling(very hot)



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