备考托福听力时，许多同学苦于学习效率低下无不知道如何提升,今天小编给大家带来了托福听力提高做题效率必备3个训练步骤讲解，希望能够给帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福听力提高做题效率必备3个训练步骤讲解
托福听力高效备考步骤：词汇累积
想要提高自己听力的反应速度，词汇的积累是很重要的一步。一些重要的场景词汇往往也是最为重要的，直接理解场景词对于你快速理解听力内容有很多帮助。同时，在听力过程中习语、俚语的积累，我们在平时也应该时刻关注到，这都会为大家之后的解题提供参考。
托福听力高效备考步骤：巩固基础
当然，在所有托福考试的同学里，每个人的起点和英语能力都是不一样的。所以，对于听力练习来说，也许很多同学很快能够上手，同时进步很快;而有些同学却会感到非常吃力，且觉得并没有什么太大的帮助。所以，当你觉得听写对于自己没有太大作用的时候，并不能放弃，需要的就是坚持。与此同时，我们也可以回头在去回顾一下自己的词汇和语法基础知识，如果在这些基础环节上加以巩固，也会让自己的听力水平能更加顺利的提升加强。
托福听力高效备考步骤：错题回顾
另外，考生想要提升托福听力能力，就需要一定的题目练习，但是，这也并不同于“题海战术”， 对于做完的练习也不能就是对个答案就是草草了事。小编认为，对于做过的每道题目，听过的每篇文章，读懂读透才是关键。而我们在练习听力的过程中则更是如此，相信很少有同学能够在听写一篇文章的时候，顺利的记录下每一个单词。所以，在每一次的听力练习之后，大家一定要重听一遍自己的听力练习材料，找到听不出的词语或是生词，从而获得进一步的提升。
托福听力，这些词已经告诉你出题点啦!
1、听力的每篇第一题，一定是主旨题
无论对话还是讲座，第一题永远会考目的和主题。对话中常规考的是目的，讲座绝大多数考主题。
所以，在听对话的时候，任何一个说话者提到的“I need to …/I’m wondering…/I want to…/I’d like to …”，大家一定要记录下来这些信号词后面的内容，这就是目的题的答案。
讲座的主题大多数会有一个较为明显的主旨句，当大家听到“Now I’m going to talk about/will discuss/ today we will talk about/But today I’d like to introduce…” 等这样的信号句，后面跟的学术概念就是主旨的答案。
偶有例外的是，音频中并没有出现任何一句上述的信号句，那么同学们在判断选项的时候，就需要用排除法，选择一个范围较大的，内容较为笼统的，能否代表音频的大部分内容，用排除法相对比较安全。
【举个例子】
TPO 8 C1 中，学生在一开始提到I’d like to drop off my graduation form, 那么这就是这篇对话的目的，PURPOSE.
TPO 17 L4 中，教授一开始就提到Now I want to talk about an animal that has an fascinating defense mechanisms, 就是这篇讲座的主题了。
2、ETS经常会采用的对比，转折
出现两者做对比的，前后逻辑有转折关系的，都是潜在的考点。
下面的信号词：
做对比的，compared to, by contrast, on contrary, contradictory, on the other hand;
表转折的：however, but
这点也是基本上每一篇都会出题的地方，这些信号词后面跟着的内容，就是题目的答案。
【举个例子】
TPO5 L4中: On the other hand, descriptions of characters and settings can be developed more completely.
TPO17 L4中: The octopus can release a cloud of ink if it feels threatened. But it doesn’t hide behind it, as is generally believed. Um, the ink cloud is ... it serves to distract a predator while the octopus makes its escape.
TPO 5 L1中: An organism often cannot survive with a mutated gene. And so a gene usually cannot be passed on, unless it’s an exact copy. For memes however, fidelity is not always so important.
3、否定
在对话或者讲座中，说话者表达否定的：have no…, without，can’t be ;以及讲座中提及某个学术知识时，出现的否性形容词，比如：unusual, irrelevant，impossible。
【举个例子】
TPO9 L3: First the rains that fell there were torrential. So it would've been impossible for all the water to soak into the ground.
TPO1 L3: And it maybe this burial custom that explains why the houses were packed in so tightly without streets.
4、表达观点和态度
对话中一般出现，说话者的态度;讲座中会出现教授对于某个理论的观点，或者陈述某一个，几个科学家的观点。
以下是考点信号词：think, feel, believe, criticize, guess, assume/assumption, speculate/speculation, evidence, convincing
观点的表达分为三类，肯定，否定，不确定。
【举个例子】
TPO11 L1：And in a broken wing display the bird spreads and drags the wings or its tail, and while it does that, it slowly moves away from the nests so it really looks like a bird with a broken wing. And these broken wing displays can be pretty convincing. 教授认为这些broken wing display说服理非常强，表示肯定的态度
TPO3 C2：
Student：Sounds like it could be a lot of work. Is there … is there any way I can use the experience to get some extra credit in class? I mean, can I write a paper about it?
Professor：I think it’ll depend on what type of work you do in the excavation.
上述例子中，教授就给出了不确定的答案，没有肯定或者否定学生的问题。
5、举例
例子的内容占时篇幅可能会比较长，但大多数情况下，都不会考例子中具体的信息，而会考这个例子是为了说明某个论点，而论点一般出现在例子之前。
那么同学们在听的时候，可以省略掉例子中的细节，而注重例子所证明的点做记录。
【举个例子】
TPO2 L1： It’s called ideomotor action. Ideomotor action is an activity that occurs without our noticing it, without our being aware of it. I’ll give you one simple example.If you think of locations, there tends to be eye movement that occurs with… 这个例子就是为了说明ideomotor action。
6、 其他信号词
interesting, problem是两个最为典型，出题几率极高的。即使这两个词后面的内容，没有被直接提问，也极大可能会出现某个题目得选项中，记录号信息也能帮同学们提高题目正确率。
音频有interesting的时候，几乎可以100%确定之后的内容会出题。
【举个例子】
TPO18 L1中：In 1843, astronomer named Heinrich Schwabe made an interesting claim, Schwabe had been watching the Sun every day that it was visible for 17 years, looking for evidence of a new planet. 紧接着后面提到了CLAIM内容，被出成考题。
Problem出题的几率也是非常高的。
The problem is /but there is a problem……
【举个例子】
TPO 15 L1中：And that's part of the problem with the CFQ. It doesn ’ t take other factors into account enough, like forgetfulness.
大家在听得时候，一定要去把CFQ的缺点记下来，出细节题的可能比较大。
7、结尾的结论
托福的对话中，一般在结尾的时候同学们要有意识去思考，说话人来的目的是否被满足，问题有时候被解决，很有可能会出成推论题。
讲座中，在结尾的时候一般会给主题下一个结论, 同学们在听的时候要记得关联对应的主题，看是不是有确定的结论，还是依然需要更多的资料，未来才能解决。
【举个例子】
TPO2 L1中，文章结尾提到: Is there anything else that might account for this change in muscular activity, other than saying that it is thinking? And the answer is clearly yes. Is there any way to answer the question definitively? I think the answer is no.
证明这个问题目前为止，不能得到积极肯定的结果。
TPO 3 L3中，文章结尾提到: So, why these precise animals? Why not birds, fish, snakes? Was it for their religion, magic or sheer beauty? We don’t know. But whatever it was, it was worth it to them to spend hours deep inside a cave with just a torch between them and utter darkness.
同样，结尾的结论依然是未知的。
托福听力中多选题的考点解析
考点1 并列结构
在文章当中听到Also, and，plus等这些并列连接词，或者总分结构中的并列，比如 There are a couple of factors/elements/ways, 后面教授会罗列并列的要点，考生需要迅速将前后的并列的要点通过笔记的形式记录，例题如下：
例题1：TPO7L4 Q4:What factors are involved in the amount of deformation a glacier undergoes? Click on 2 answers
A.The thickness of glacial ice
B.The hardness of glacial ice
C.The amount of water beneath the glacial ice
D.The temperature of the glacial ice
相应原文：Now, there are a couple of factors that affect the amount of deformation that takes place or the speed of the glacier’s movement for example. Deformation is more likely to occur the thicker the ice is, because of the gravity of the weight of the ice. And temperature also plays a part here, in that cold ice does not move as easily as ice that is close to the melting point.
解析：在这道题目当中，教授先用a couple of factors这样的总分结构引入下面的分论点，然后说了2个影响冰川变形量的因素，以并列连接词Also连接，第一个是the thicker the ice is, 第二个是temperature,所以答案应该是AD
例题2：TPO31C2 Q3:What two requirements did the student have to meet in order to get the internship? Click on 2 answers
A.he had to have volunteered previously at the aquarium
B.he had to be certified in scuba diving
C.he had to be a senior oceanography student
D.he had to have experience collection oceanographic data
相应原文：Well, the internship requires me to have scuba diving certification and to be a senior oceanography student.
解析：学生描述的实习的条件是需要scuba diving的证书，以及必须要是大四的海洋学学生。所以答案是BD
例题3：TPO15L1 Q2:According to the professor, what are two weaknesses of the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire? Click on 2 answers.
A.It relies on subjective reporting.
B.It assesses a limited number of situations.
C.It does not assess visual distractions
D.It does not account for factors other than distract ability.
相应原文：And that's part of the problem with the CFQ. It doesn't take other factors into account enough, like forgetfulness. Plus you really can't say you are getting objective scientific results from a subjective questionnaire where people report on themselves.
解析：这道题目当中，教授用Plus并列了2个CFQ的缺点：1 它并没有把其他的因素考虑进去，比如遗忘 2 不能从主观的问卷调查中得到客观的科学结论。所以答案是AD
考点2 离散结构
这一类型的多选细节题不常见，主要的难点是并不能从一句话或者一个段落里的并列结构判断，需要总结一下原文所涉及到的相应内容，才能够准确精准的选对答案。
例题：TPO10C2 Q3: What is the store's policy about giving refunds on books?Click on 2 answers
A.Books that are not for a specific course will receive a store credit instead of a refund
B.Course textbooks can be returned for a full refund early in the school semester
C.All books must be returned within two weeks to be eligible for a full refund
D.Only books that are in new condition will get a full refund
相应原文：
B:Well, for a full refund: store policy is that you have to return merchandise 2 weeks from the time it was purchased. Uh... but for assigned textbooks or anything having to do with specific courses. Wait... was it for a specific course?
Student
Yeah, but actually…
Employee
Well... for course books, the deadline is 4 weeks after the beginning of the semester.
D:Exactly!!! The book has to been in perfect condition of course. They can’t be marked up or looked use in any way for the full refund, I mean.
解析：这道题目当中对于退书的政策是在两个不同的对话回合里体现的，1个是课本可以4周退，非课本是2周，对应B选项。另外一个是书必须要全新的状态才能够得到全额退款，对应D选项。
所以在听的过程中还是需要有考点的意识，迅速识别考点并且预测多选并列的可能性，才能夯实基础，并且在考试中把握主动。
托福听力：多选题的考点解析
考点1 并列结构
在文章当中听到Also, and，plus等这些并列连接词，或者总分结构中的并列，比如 There are a couple of factors/elements/ways, 后面教授会罗列并列的要点，考生需要迅速将前后的并列的要点通过笔记的形式记录，例题如下：
例题1：TPO7L4 Q4:What factors are involved in the amount of deformation a glacier undergoes? Click on 2 answers
A.The thickness of glacial ice
B.The hardness of glacial ice
C.The amount of water beneath the glacial ice
D.The temperature of the glacial ice
相应原文：Now, there are a couple of factors that affect the amount of deformation that takes place or the speed of the glacier’s movement for example. Deformation is more likely to occur the thicker the ice is, because of the gravity of the weight of the ice. And temperature also plays a part here, in that cold ice does not move as easily as ice that is close to the melting point.
解析：在这道题目当中，教授先用a couple of factors这样的总分结构引入下面的分论点，然后说了2个影响冰川变形量的因素，以并列连接词Also连接，第一个是the thicker the ice is, 第二个是temperature,所以答案应该是AD
例题2：TPO31C2 Q3:What two requirements did the student have to meet in order to get the internship? Click on 2 answers
A.he had to have volunteered previously at the aquarium
B.he had to be certified in scuba diving
C.he had to be a senior oceanography student
D.he had to have experience collection oceanographic data
相应原文：Well, the internship requires me to have scuba diving certification and to be a senior oceanography student.
解析：学生描述的实习的条件是需要scuba diving的证书，以及必须要是大四的海洋学学生。所以答案是BD
例题3：TPO15L1 Q2:According to the professor, what are two weaknesses of the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire? Click on 2 answers.
A.It relies on subjective reporting.
B.It assesses a limited number of situations.
C.It does not assess visual distractions
D.It does not account for factors other than distract ability.
相应原文：And that's part of the problem with the CFQ. It doesn't take other factors into account enough, like forgetfulness. Plus you really can't say you are getting objective scientific results from a subjective questionnaire where people report on themselves.
解析：这道题目当中，教授用Plus并列了2个CFQ的缺点：1 它并没有把其他的因素考虑进去，比如遗忘 2 不能从主观的问卷调查中得到客观的科学结论。所以答案是AD
考点2 离散结构
这一类型的多选细节题不常见，主要的难点是并不能从一句话或者一个段落里的并列结构判断，需要总结一下原文所涉及到的相应内容，才能够准确精准的选对答案。
例题：TPO10C2 Q3: What is the store's policy about giving refunds on books?Click on 2 answers
A.Books that are not for a specific course will receive a store credit instead of a refund
B.Course textbooks can be returned for a full refund early in the school semester
C.All books must be returned within two weeks to be eligible for a full refund
D.Only books that are in new condition will get a full refund
相应原文：
B:Well, for a full refund: store policy is that you have to return merchandise 2 weeks from the time it was purchased. Uh... but for assigned textbooks or anything having to do with specific courses. Wait... was it for a specific course?
Student
Yeah, but actually…
Employee
Well... for course books, the deadline is 4 weeks after the beginning of the semester.
D:Exactly!!! The book has to been in perfect condition of course. They can’t be marked up or looked use in any way for the full refund, I mean.
解析：这道题目当中对于退书的政策是在两个不同的对话回合里体现的，1个是课本可以4周退，非课本是2周，对应B选项。另外一个是书必须要全新的状态才能够得到全额退款，对应D选项。
所以在听的过程中还是需要有考点的意识，迅速识别考点并且预测多选并列的可能性，才能夯实基础，并且在考试中把握主动。
