托福听力从小白到大神之做笔记要明确这3个要求

托福听力态度题如何判断选项?这4种方法思路不可不学。今天小编给大家带来托福听力态度题如何判断选项，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福听力态度题如何判断选项?这4种方法思路不可不学

通过基本语音语调来判断

说到情感态度，最先要提的就是语音语调。听力中升调分为两种：直升调和转升调。直升调一般表示疑问;转升调一般表示担心，忧虑，疑惑，极度怀疑。句子以升调结尾，一般来讲，大多数情况下表达如下三种情感：1 确认信息 2质疑(惊讶)态度 3 期待得到更多话题相关信息。一般来讲，出现频率的高低是：信息确认最多;其次是期待得到更多话题相关信息;再次是质疑(惊讶)态度。

结合强烈语气词汇来判断

部分词语，如果配合适当的语调，会对文章结构和走向有指引作用。

Now、OK、So、Well这些词用在听力文章中的段首时，往往伴随着非常强烈明显的语调。这种情况在国外真实上课环境中也是经常能遇到的。教授在深入讲解一个话题之后，为了转换到下一话题，老师往往会用NOW这样的词去唤醒学生的注意(或者唤醒已经睡着的学生)。语调的变化往往意味着话题的转变，也意味着课程内容的变化。所以说，这类词出现的时候，往往是承上启下，开启新话题的标志。这类词之后的内容一定是至关重要，与考点直接相关的。

常用短语也是判断线索

此外听力文章中会有很多表示惊讶和诧异态度的短语，在听力中一般会针对这些表达出重听题。

比较典型的此类表达有：My god， Jesus。但是事实上，这类表达在真题中出现概率并不大，考的也很少，相比而言，类似于wow和Oops这样的更加隐蔽的情感表达更容易被设题，也更容易被学生所忽略。具体练习方式，可参看我的“五遍听力法”。

反问句式体现说话态度

还有一个小细节，也可以反映出说话者明确态度，值得注意。这个细节就是反义疑问句的读法。

在我们接受的传统教育中，老师往往会让学生以疑问句的方式读出反义疑问句。换言之，反义疑问句是升调结束。但是事实上，很多时候，老外也会用降调方式去说反义疑问句。我在留学期间，经常听见教授上课时用反义疑问区表达特别肯定的情感。比如：“油跟水是不相容的，不是嘛?”如果这样一句英文用降调读出来，听来就特别像是：“油跟水是不相容的，没错吧?”托福作为语言能力测试，必然会如实反映老外说话的习惯。所以当听力原文中，反义疑问句用降调说出，老师特别期待学生给出肯定的回答。

2020托福听力练习：抗嗝化合物减少奶牛甲烷排放

The global population is now nearly seven and a half billion.

And that's just humans.

Because our planet is also home to one-and-a-half-billion cows, another billion sheep, and a billion goats.

Their combined belches account for a full fifth of the world's methane emissions—and methane is about 30 times more potent at trapping heat than CO2.

But those methane emissions might get cut—by feeding the grazers something called 3-nitro oxypropanol.

"I can tell you, they like it.

No rejection at all."

Maik Kindermann, an organic chemist at DSM Nutritional Products in Switzerland.

Liking it, in the cow world, he says basically means they'll still gobble up their food, even with this stuff mixed in.

Kindermann's company developed the additive a few years back.

And it only targets those methane-belching microbes, while leaving the rest of the microbiome untouched.

The result?

A 30 percent decrease in methane emissions.

The study is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Kindermann says he thinks the compound could be a win-win for the planet—and the animals.

"You know the methane is kind of a waste product.

And this energy, instead of losing it for the animal, it can be reused for the animal in terms of performance, and at the same time we are doing something for greenhouse gas emission and climate change."

The product's not on the market yet—toxicology tests are ongoing.

But the hope is that it might take some of the heat off of beef.

现在全世界人口数量约是75亿。

但这只是人类的数量。

因为我们的地球也是15亿奶牛、10亿绵羊及10亿山羊的家园。

这些动物反刍所排放的甲烷总量约占世界总量的1/5—而同时甲烷吸收热量的能力约是二氧化碳的30倍。

但在这些食草动物被喂食名为3-nitrooxypropanol的抗嗝化合物后，甲烷的排放量正在减少。

“我可以告诉你，它们真的很喜欢这种化合物。

真的一点也不排斥。”

瑞士DSM营养产品的有机化学家马克·金德曼说道。

他表示奶牛们非常喜欢这种化合物，即使添加到食物中，奶牛们仍会狼吞虎咽。

金德曼的公司在几年前研发出这种添加剂。

这种添加剂会拦截动物体内的微生物生成产生甲烷至关重要的酶。

而3-nitrooxypropanol只针对生成甲烷的微生物，其他微生物则不受影响。

结果如何呢?

甲烷排放减少30%。

这项研究已经在《美国国家科学院院刊》上发表。

金德曼认为这种化合物对地球和人类而言是一种双赢。

“甲烷是一种废物。

动物们可以再利用这种能源，而不是进行浪费，与此同时，我们在为温室气体排放及气候变化尽一份力。”

这款产品正在进行毒性测试，目前还未在市场上流通。

但我们希望的是,能够减少牛肉的一些热量。

1.account for 对…负有责任

例句:Computers account for 5% of the country's commercial electricity consumption.

计算机占去该国商业用电的5%。

2.get cut 减少

例句:If you are going to stand in front then it will get cut.

如果你站在植物前面就会被剪到。

3.at all 根本;简直

例句:I certainly don't remember talking to you at all.

我当然完全不记得和你讲过话。

4.mix in 混合

例句:Add the milk to the flour, and then mix in three eggs.

往面粉里加牛奶，再拌入3个鸡蛋。

2020托福听力练习：爬山熊帮助樱桃树种子迁徙

Picture a brave fireman carrying a pet from a burning building.

Now, imagine that global warming is the burning building, a cherry tree is the pet, and a bear is the fireman.

You've now got the gist of a new study that finds that cherry trees may be able to survive rising temperatures thanks to mountain-climbing bears that carry the cherry tree seeds to cooler climes.

It's projected that, over the next hundred years, temperatures on Earth could rise an average of nearly five degrees Celsius.

While some animals might be able to migrate north to escape the brunt of the heat, plants can't uproot themselves quite so easily.

But researchers wondered whether the creatures that disperse plant seeds might be able to help.

So scientists spent three years sifting through the droppings of Asiatic bears, looking for cherry tree seeds.

And they found that the bears were indeed transporting the seeds to cooler locations—not by moving to higher latitudes, but higher altitudes.

Seems the bears snack on the fruits that are found at the foot of the mountains in spring and then make the climb to higher elevations to enjoy young leaves and buds and flowers, particularly as the season progresses.

The researchers could tell that seeds had been deposited higher up the mountain than they had been harvested by the ratio of their oxygen isotopes, which changes with altitude.

And the 300 or so meters the seeds ascended should buy the resulting trees a degree or two in heat relief.

The study is in the journal Current Biology.

The finding is good news for plants, like cherry trees, that fruit in spring.

Unfortunately, the results suggest that plants that fruit in fall, when bears are headed back down for hibernation, will have to hold out for a different animal hero.

Or for a bear with a bad sense of direction.

想象一下一位奋不顾身的消防队员将一只宠物从熊熊大火建筑物中抢救出来的情景。

现在，想象下全球变暖就是着火的建筑物，樱桃树就是那只宠物，而熊就是这位英勇的消防员。

现在你肯定已经或多或少了解到这项新的研究，那就是得益于爬山熊将樱桃树的种子带到凉爽的地区，这种树木才可以在高温条件下存活。

预计未来的100年中，地表平均温度将上升5摄氏度。

而很多动物可能会前往北部地区躲避高温，但植物却不能够轻易搬家。

但研究人员认为如果动物能够传播植物的种子可能会起到帮助。

因此科学家们历时三年仔细寻找亚洲熊粪便中的樱桃树种。

而结果他们发现发现亚洲熊实际上将种子带到了更为凉爽的地方—不是前往高纬度地区，而是到了高海拔地区。

亚洲熊在春天会以山脚下的水果为食，而随着季节的推进，它们就会爬到更高处享用那里的嫩叶，花蕾及花朵。

通过研究氧同位素的比例，研究人员发现随着海拔的变化，种子所在地区的海拔会升高。

种子所在地区的海拔每增加300米左右，温度就会降低1-2度。

这项研究已经在《当代生物学》杂志上发表。

这一发现对樱桃树等春天结果的植物是个利好消息。

但不幸的是，这项研究表明由于亚洲熊们已经去冬眠，因此秋天结果的植物就只能期待另外的救星。

或者是依赖一只方向感不太好的熊。

1.thanks to 由于;因为

例句:Thanks to that job I became an avid reader.

多亏了那份工作我才成了一个喜欢阅读的人。

2.be able to 能够

例句:If only I could get some sleep, I would be able to cope.

要是能睡上一会儿，我就能应付了。

3.look for 寻找

例句:I was just going to look for you and here you are.

我正要找你，恰好你来了。

4.cherry tree 樱桃树

例句:Plum was grafted on the cherry tree.

樱桃树上嫁接李子。