托福口语考试逻辑框架解析

新托福口语中的各个词的分量不尽相同，有的起着关键的作用;段落是由句子构成的，然而同一段落中的各个句子的分量也是不尽相同的，今天小编给大家带来了托福口语语速如何把握,希望能够帮助到大家，一起来学习吧。

托福口语语速如何把握

一般而言，对于关键词和关键句应该慢读，做到充分理解，牢牢把握;而对非关键词和非关键句应加快阅读速度，留出多于时间，用以反复阅读重点句或归纳总结。例子如下:

例1：

A lot of people think that cultural anthropology is just about studying the special and strange aspects of a society, but anthropologists are also interested in the aspects of life that seems so ordinary that the people in the society think they are not significant.

在读的过程中我们很容易找到关键词,如：cultural anthropology, the special and strange aspects of life, but, anthropologists, interested, ordinary, significant。这些关键词反映了此句的主要信息："许多人认为文化人类学就是研究特殊而奇怪的社会现象，但人类学家有时还对一些人们认为不重要的、看起来很普通的生活现象感兴趣。"通过分析关键词，我们又发现"but"这个具有转折意义的连接词,它向我们显示了此句的后半句才是整个句子的核心部分，它提示我们阅读时应更加留心阅读后半句的关键词，提炼关键信息。因此，我们可以很肯定地确认此句最重要的意义应该是："Anthropologists are also interested in the aspects of life so ordinary that people don’t think they are significant."并且也可以很肯定地预测，如有下文，也一定是就后半句所反映的核心信息继续论述，而不是前半句的。这样，在阅读时，我们就会把目光把注意力更加有目的地集中在后半句的关键词上，而对那些附加修饰、说明的部分，如：修饰people的a lot of 、in the society就可以快速阅读，甚至略去不读，因为它并不影响我们对中心意思的理解与把握。

例2：

Smell and Memory

Scientists are producing an increasing number of findings on the links between smell and memory. The most prominent scientist in this field is Dr. Alan Hirsch, a US neurologist who specializes in the treatment of patients who have lost their sense of smell or taste. He believes that the memories that certain smells bring back to people are not actually as important as the emotions that are associated with the smells. He also argues that our minds filter these emotions in a positive way, making past times seem better than they perhaps were.

首先,我们注意到这个段落的题目是"Smell and Memory"，我们从题目中还得知了中心思想。因此我们可以得知本段主要论述的应是smell and memory之间的联系，由此找到了关键词语"the links between smell and memory"(在段首)，而能说明它们之间关系的句子又是最后一句。所以，这个段落的核心信息是："Some smells remind us of a previous thing in a way that is better than the real experience."由此判定，本段的首尾部分都需细心地、稍慢地阅读，而对"最著名的;专门治疗何种病人的"这样相对次要的句子就可以加快阅读速度。

托福口语：间接转述的技巧

1.间接转述(Indirect Speech)

口语复述的实质是将听到的和看到的话语用自己的话以口头方式再转达出来。“直接引述”是直接引用说话人的原话，而要用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来就称为“间接转述”。托福口语考试中一般应采用“间接转述”的方法：针对特定问题，用自己的话把读到、听到的对话内容或演讲内容再重复出来。对考生来说，这当然是一个更高层次的要求。因为，首先要听得懂、读得懂别人的观点，其次才能在此基础上进行加工处理，变为自己的语言再陈述出准确意思来。这时候，“善于把别人的东西据为己有”就不再是一个“恶劣的行径”了。此时此刻，它将转化为一个极为有效的、甚至是高效的手段，以此来达到“借鸡下蛋”的目的。

请看下面几例：

例1：My mother said: “I’m so tired that I don’t want to cook. Shall we eat out tonight?”

My mother said that she was so tired that she didn’t want to cook and she suggested that we should eat out that day.

例2：Tom said: “I’ve already seen the film.”

Tom said that he had already seen the film.

间接转述应注意以下几点规则：

⑴ 在转述的引语前一般要用连词that：(如例1、例2所示);

⑵ 要根据意思改变人称(如例4所示);

⑶ 当要转述的言语为连贯的话语时，应用go on(继续)，continue(接着)，add(补充)等，以及各种引述动词，如：note(指明)，remark(谈及)

⑷ 间接转述不是重复原话，因此，时态要有所变动。一般来讲，现在时变为过去时，过去时变为过去完成时。指示代词、地点及时间状语也要作必要改动。这种改动大致可参照下表进行。

2.释义、意译(Paraphrasing)

Paraphrase (to express in a shorter or clearer way what someone has written or said) 就是用你所知道的，或者对你来说较容易的词汇、短语、以及语法去解释那些较为难懂的语句。

3.概述(Summarizing)

Summarize (to make a short statement giving only the main information and not the details of a plan, event, report, etc.) 就是用简练话语概括描述一篇材料的中心思想。

托福口语：常用的谚语内容

1. A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near. 海内存知己，天涯若比邻。

2. A common danger causes common action. 同舟共济。

3. A contented mind is a continual / perpetual feast. 知足常乐。

4. A fall into the pit， a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。

5. A guest should suit the convenience of the host. 客随主便。

6. A letter from home is a priceless treasure. 家书抵万金。　　7. All rivers run into the sea. 殊途同归。

8. All time is no time when it is past. 机不可失，时不再来。

9. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一日一个苹果，身体健康不求医。

10. As heroes think， so thought Bruce. 英雄所见略同。

11. A young idler， an old beggar. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

12. Behind the mountains there are people to be found. 天外有天，山外有山。

13. Bad luck often brings good luck. 塞翁失马，安知非福。

14. Bread is the stall of life. 面包是生命的支柱。(民以食为天。)

15. Business is business. 公事公办。

16. Clumsy birds have to start flying early. 笨鸟先飞。

17. Courtesy costs nothing. 礼多人不怪。

18. Custom makes all things easy. 习惯成自然。

19. Desire has no rest. 人的欲望无止境。

20. Difficult the first time，easy the second. 一回生，二回熟。

21. Do not change horses in mid-stream. 别在河流中间换马。

22. Do not have too many irons in the fire. 贪多嚼不烂。

23. Do not pull all your eggs in one basket. 别把所有的蛋都放在一个篮子里。(不要孤注一掷。)

24. Do not teach fish to swim. 不要班门弄斧。

25. East or west， home is the best. 东奔西跑，还是家里好。

26. Experience is the best teacher. 实践出真知。

27. Fact is stranger than fiction. 事实比虚构更离奇。(大千世界，无奇不有。)

28. Faith can move mountains. 信念能移山。(精诚所至，金石为开。)

29. First impressions are half the battle. 先入为主。

30. Give as good as one gets. 一报还一报。(以德报德，以怨还怨。)

31. Give everyone his due. 一视同仁。

32. Good wine needs no bush. 酒香不怕巷子深。

33. Haste makes waste. 欲速则不达。(忙中常出错。)

34. He that promises too much means nothing. 轻诺者寡信。

35. He who has an art has everywhere a part. 一招鲜，吃遍天。

36. He would climb the ladder must begin at the bottom. 千里之行始于足下。

37. Home is where the heart is. 心在哪里，哪里就是家。

38. If you are not inside a house， you don not know about its leaking. 不在屋里，不知漏雨。(亲身经历才有体会。)

39. In peace prepare for war. 平时准备战时。(居安思危。)

40. It is never too late to mend. 亡羊补牢，犹未为晚。41. It six of one and half a dozen of the other. 彼此彼此。

42. Just has long arms. 天网恢恢，疏而不漏。

43. Keep something for a rainy day. 未雨绸缪。

44. Life is a span. 人生如朝露。

45. Man proposes， God disposes. 谋事在人，成事在天。

46. Meet plot with plot. 将计就计。

47. Merry meet， merry part. 好聚好散。

48. Mind acts upon mind. 心有灵犀一点通。

49. Never hit a man when he is down. 不要落井下石。

50. Never judge by appearances. 切莫以貌取人。

51. No fire without smoke. 无风不起浪。

52. Nurture passes nature. 教养胜过天性。

53. One is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。

54. One swallow does not make a summer. 一燕不成夏。(一花独放不是春。)

55. One who has seen the ocean thinks nothing of mere rivers. 曾经沧海难为水。

56. Out of sight， out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。