托福听力常见解题思维陷阱讲解

托福听力这些低级错误要避免 ,2种粗心易错问题实例分析。今天小编给大家带来了托福听力这些低级错误要避免，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福听力这些低级错误要避免 2种粗心易错问题实例分析

托福听力粗心易错问题：形近词看错

由于把选项中的形近词看混，或者把某个词看成另外一个形近词，导致理解错误。

举个例子：

What is the lecture mainly about?

A.The environmental effects of heap roasting

B. The reforestation efforts in the Copper Basin

C. The process of mining and producing copper

D. Damages caused during an attempt to clean up industrial waste

有部分同学把AB选项中的effect和effort看混，或者把B选项中的reforestation看成deforestation，导致理解的意思截然不同，所以选错。

解决方法

仔细审题审选项，二次检查。

托福听力粗心易错问题：没有关注单词复数

在内容主旨题中，做主语的名词的单复数有截然不同的意义，如果是复数名词则意味着这篇讲座必须讲解多个事物或者从多角度多方面讲解某个事物，如果此篇讲座只讲解了单一事物或一个方面，则复数选项为错，很多同学没有仔细关注单复数的变化，导致选错。

举个例子：

What are the speakers mainly discussing?

A. An architect from the United States and a house design she created

B. The disadvantage of houses based on a square design

C. Difficulties faced by residential architects in the nineteenth century

D. Women who had a major influence on architecture in the United States

这道题的正确答案为A，很多同学选D，D选项的主语是women，而这篇讲座只讲了一个女建筑师的事情，所以排除D。

解决方法

仔细辨识单复数结合原文综合思考。

2020托福听力练习：科学家扮成北极熊接近麝牛

"So I just don't approach, at least initially, a group of musk oxen."

Joel Berger, with the Wildlife Conservation Society and Colorado State University.

"What I do is to take into account other factors that might reflect their responses. And so what I need to know is something about the group size, whether or not males are in the group. I need to know something about snow depth, about snow penetration or how hard the snow is. And then I'll approach and try to understand whether they stay, whether they flee, whether they charge."

Oh, one more important point. When Berger approaches the musk oxen, on Russia's Wrangel Island north of the Arctic Circle, he's dressed up like a polar bear.

"I know the media has a good time when we dress up as animal models. Of course they do. But remember, two Nobel laureates, Conrad Lorentz and Niko Tinbergen, led the way for getting inside the minds of animals...and they've done this through innovative models."

Polar bears prefer seals for their meals. But the loss of sea ice is forcing them onto the land to hunt for prey that's usually not on their menu. The idea here is to gauge the response of musk oxen to this formerly rare threat.

"It's really tough to get inside the mind of a musk ox and especially to understand from mere anecdotes how they may respond in this emerging dynamic."

Berger works with Russian researchers on their side of the Bering Strait and with Americans in Alaska.

"We're currently in the process of evaluating more than 100 simulated interactions, some that include our three years of work in Alaska, as well as over on the Russian side...the last time I did something like this was about 15 years ago, to understand how moose and other species would respond to the new threat of wolves in and around the Yellowstone system."

Back then, Berger and his wife would get into a moose outfit to be able to get close to the ungulates. I wrote about that effort in 1997. You can find it by googling my name and Joel Berger—a man who's work really suits him. (That joke was unbearable.)

“我不会靠近，至少不会从一开始就靠近一群麝牛。”

乔尔·博格在野生动物保护协会和科罗拉多州立大学工作。

“我采取的方法是，把其他可能影响它们反应的因素都考虑进去。我需要知道麝牛群的规模，这群麝牛里是否有雄性麝牛。我还要了解积雪的深度、渗透性及硬度。之后我才会逐渐靠近它们，试图去了解它们是会留在原地，会逃走，还是会发动攻击。”

还有一个重点。博格在位于北极圈以北的俄罗斯弗兰格尔岛靠近麝牛时，他会打扮得像一只北极熊。

“我知道媒体看到我们打扮成动物的样子会很高兴。他们当然会高兴。不过要记住，引领我们去了解动物思想的是两位诺贝尔奖获得者——康拉德·洛伦兹和尼古拉斯·廷伯根，他们采用的就是创新模式。”

北极熊最爱吃海豹。但是海冰的减少迫使它们去陆地上捕食本不在它们捕食范围内的猎物。博格的目的是评估麝牛面对这种罕见威胁时的反应。

“了解麝牛的想法真的非常难，只凭轶事来了解他们会如何应对这种新出现的变化更难。”

博格同俄罗斯研究人员在白令海峡划分的俄罗斯境内一起工作，同美国研究人员在阿拉斯加工作。

“目前我们正在对100余个模拟交互作用进行评估，这其中包括阿拉斯加方面三年的工作成果，以及俄罗斯方面的成果，我上次做这种工作是在15年前，当时我研究的是驼鹿和其他物种如何应对黄石公园内部和周边狼群的威胁。”

那时，博格和他的妻子会穿上驼鹿装，以接近这一有蹄类哺乳动物。1997年时我曾写过有关那次研究的文章。听众可以用谷歌搜索我和博格的名字找到这篇文章，博格的工作真的很适合他。(这个玩笑很无聊)

重点讲解：

1. take into account 考虑到;把…计算在内;

例句：He will take into account my request.

他会考虑我的要求。

2. dress up 装扮;打扮;

例句：He often dresses up as a superman.

他经常把自己装扮成超人。

3. hunt for (人)打猎，猎杀;(动物)猎食;

例句：Davy liked to hunt for bears best of all.

大卫最喜欢猎熊了。

4. repond to 应对;作出回应;作出反应;

例句：A child's age affects the child how repond to the diaster.

孩子的年龄也会影响他们对灾难的反应。

2020托福听力练习：高脂饮食因肠道细菌致肥胖

Think it's your inability to resist cheesecake that's making it tough to fit into your skinny jeans? Well, your bacteria may share some of the blame. Because a new study in mice shows that the response of intestinal microbes to a high-fat diet ends up triggering the release of a hormone that makes mammals feel hungry, causing them to eat even more. The finding is served up in the journal Nature.

Previous work has shown that the types of bacteria in the gut in diabetic or obese individuals are different from the bacteria in healthy people. But does this bacterial makeup contribute to these disorders? Or is it just a side effect?

To unravel this mystery, researchers put mice on a high-fat diet. The animals experienced a buildup of a chemical called acetate, particularly in the large intestine.

That location points to gut bacteria, which can produce acetate, as a possible culprit. So the researchers wiped out the microbes using antibiotics or a simple saline wash. And acetate levels plummeted.

Okay, so the gut bacteria in fat-fed mice make acetate. What does acetate do? Well, it gets the involuntary part of the nervous system, the parasympathetic nervous system, to put out the call to produce more insulin. Unfortunately, in this case, acetate also gets the parasympathetic nervous system to stimulate production of a hunger hormone called ghrelin. And the more fats an animal consumes, the more acetate it makes — which means the more ghrelin it produces and, of course, the more it eats. And bacteria make the whole sequence happen.

The researchers are now investigating whether the same biochemical events happen in humans. If they do, it's possible that obtaining a better assortments of gut bacteria could help us control our weight. Of course, the best way to get those good bacteria is from a fecal transplant — in which bacteria-rich feces come out of one person and into you. The very thought of which could help curb your appetite.

设想一下，你很难穿上紧身牛仔裤是因为你无法抗拒奶酪蛋糕吗?其实，你体内的细菌可能要承担部分责任。一项在小鼠身上进行的新研究表明，肠道细菌对高脂饮食的反应会最终引发荷尔蒙的释放，使哺乳动物感到饥饿、吃得更多。该项发现刊登在《自然》杂志上。

此前的研究表明，糖尿病患者或肥胖群体肠道中的细菌类型与健康人的不同。但是这种细菌组成会导致这些疾病吗?还是只是一种副作用?

为了解开这个谜团，研究人员让小鼠食用高脂饮食。因此，醋酸酯这种化学物质在这些动物的大肠内积累起来。

该位置指向肠道细菌，这种细菌能产生醋酸酯，是潜在的罪魁祸首。因此，研究人员用抗生素或简单的生理盐水来消灭微生物。这同时也使醋酸酯浓度下降。

食用高脂饮食的小鼠，其体内肠道细菌可以产生醋酸酯。醋酸酯的作用是什么?它可以使神经系统、副交感神经系统中的无意识部分发出信号，产生更多的胰岛素。不幸的是，在这种情况下，醋酸酯也会使副交感神经系统刺激饥饿激素的产生。同时，脂肪消耗的越多，体内产生的醋酸酯就越多，这意味着体内产生的饥饿激素越多，当然就吃的越多。而且细菌会使这一整个序列发生。

研究人员正在研究相同的生物化学反应是否会在人类身上发生。假如人类也会这样，那么对肠道细菌更好的分类也许可以帮助我们控制体重。当然，摄取这些有益细菌的最佳方式是通过粪便移植，即某人含有大量细菌的排泄物进入到你的体内。想到这里可能会有助于抑制你的食欲。

重点讲解：

1. end up 最终;结果;到头来;

例句：If you speak too slowly, you might end up sounding unnatural.

但如果说得太慢，就有可能导致发音不自然。

2. be different from 与……不同;

例句：My style of writing is very different from yours.

我写作的风格和你很不同。

3. contribute to 促成;促使;是导致…的原因之一;

例句：Exercise contributes to better health.

锻炼能促成更强健的体魄。

4. wipe out 摧毁;毁灭;使灭绝;

例句：The plague once could wipe out a village.

鼠疫曾一度可以夺走整个村庄村民的生命。