八年级上册地理知识点

人们很难接受与已有知识和经验相左的信息或观念，因为一个人已有的知识和观念都是经过反复筛选的。下面小编给大家分享一些高中必修五英语知识，希望能够帮助大家，欢迎阅读!

高中必修五英语知识1

Unit 1:

1. put forward: 提出(计划、建议等);将…提前;把钟表拨快

e.g. He put forward a good plan for thisproject. 他为这项工程提出了一个好的方案。

The match has been put forward to 1:30. 比赛已经提前到一点半举行。

Put the clock forward by ten minutes. 把钟表拨快十分钟。

【词语联想】

? put away: 收起来;贮存，储蓄

? put down: 放下;写下，记下

? put off: 推迟;延期

? put on: 穿上;增加;上演(戏剧)e.g.put on weight: 增加了体重put on a new play: 上演新戏剧

? put up: 张贴;撑开(帐篷)e.g.put up a poster put up a tent: 搭起帐篷

2. conclude: v. 作结论，断定(conclusion:n. 结论)

e.g. The jury concluded that he was guilty. 陪审团认定他有罪。

【习惯用语】★draw a conclusion 作出结论

3. defeat vt.打败, 击败, 战胜;使(希望, 计划等)失败, 挫败; 阻挠, 使无效

e.g. He finally conceded defeat. 他最终承认了失败。

◆区别: defeat, conquer,overcome

? defeat 指“赢得胜利”, 尤其指“军事上的胜利”,e.g. defeat the enemy 打败敌人。

? conquer指“征服”、”战胜”,特别指“获得对人、物或感情的控制”,e.g. conquer nature

? overcome指“战胜”、“压倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言, e.g. overcome difficulties

4. attend: v.

1) to be present at; go to (meeting,conference, lecture...) 出席;参加

e.g. He decided to attend the meeting himsel

f. 他决定亲自赴会。

2) to look after, care for, serve 照顾;看护。3

e.g. Which doctor is attending to (on) you? 哪位医生护理你?

3)to go with 伴随

e.g. The work was attended with muchdifficulty. 这项工作带来许多困难。

5. expose...to...

e.g. Don't expose your skin to the sun fortoo long.

They had to be exposed to the enemy'sgunfire.

6. blame sb. for sth.因为某事责备某人

e.g. He blamed the boy for his mistake.

★be to blame: 应受责备，应负责任

Who is to blame for the mistake?这个错误应归咎于谁?

7. in addition: 除此之外，另外, 意思相当于besides, what's more

e.g. I paid 100 Yuan in addition.

In addition to English, he has to study asecond language.

◆区别: in addition to,except, besides,beside

? in addition to：除…之外，还有…，表示递进关系。

e.g. The company provided the workers withfree lunch in addition to paid holidays. 这家公司为员工们提供带薪假期，还有免费午餐。

? except: 除…之外，表示在整体中排除，

e.g. Everyone except me got an invitation. 除了我以外, 所有人都收到了请柬.

? besides 表示“除了……以外，还有……”，与in addition to 同义，

e.g. Besides Mr Wang, we also went to seethe film.王先生也去了。

We all agreed besides him.我们都同意, 他也同意。

? beside : 在…旁边。表示方位。

e.g. Lily sits beside me in class. 莉莉在班上做我旁边。

同义句转换

1)He speaks French aswell as English.

e.g. He speaks French in addition to/besidesEnglish.

2) Apart from the salary, it’s not a badjob.

e.g. In addition to/Except the salary, it’snot a bad job.

8. announce: 公布;宣告

e.g. He announced his decision. 他宣布了他的决定。

9. absorb v.

1) 吸收A sponge absorbswater. 海绵吸水。

2)专心于

★be absorbed in sth: 专心的，全神贯注的

The little girl was absorbed in reading atale. 这个小姑娘正在全神贯注的阅读一篇故事。10. challenge n.挑战; 挑战书; 邀请比赛; 要求决斗

vt. 向...挑战, 要求, 怀疑; vi. 挑战, 对(证据等)表示异议

e.g. meet the serious challenge 面对严峻挑战

高中必修五英语知识2

Unit 2:

1. consist of =be made up of 由……组成(没有进行时)

e.g. The UK consists of Great Britain andNorthern Ireland.

=Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the UK.

2. 区别:

? separate ... from (把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来)

? divide...into 把…分开(把整体分为若干部分)

e.g. The teacher divided the class into twogroups.

The Taiwan Strait separates Taiwan fromFujian.

3. debate about sth.

e.g. They debate about the proposal forthree days.

debate /argue/ quarrel

4. clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )becomeclear or easier to understand 澄清;阐明;清楚;明了

e.g. I hope what I say will clarify thesituation.

Can you clarify the question?

5. be linked to = be connected to /be joinedto 连接

【习惯用语】★link A to B 将A和B连接起来

6. refer to

1)提及，指的是……

e.g. When he said “some students”, do youthink he was referring to us?

2) 参考;查阅;询问

e.g. If you don't understand a word you mayrefer to your dictionaries.

Please refer to the last page of the bookfor answers.

3) 关系到;关乎

e.g. What I have to say refers to all ofyou.

This rule refers to everyone.

reference: n. 参考 e.g.reference books 参考书

7. to one's surprise (prep)

“to one's + 名词”表“令某人……”

常见的名词有“delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等

e.g. I discovered, to my horror, that thegoods were entirely unfit for sale.

To John's great relief they reached thehouse at last.

8. ... found themselves united peacefully

“find +宾语+宾补( adj; adv;v-ing; pp; 介词短语;不定式)”

e.g. A cook will be immediately fired if heis found smoking in the kitchen.

You'll find him easy to get along with.

They found themselves trapped by the bushfire.

When I woke up, I found myself in hospital.

I called on him yesterday, but I found him out.

9. get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做…….

e.g. I'll just get these dishes washed andthen I'll come.

get + n. + to do

get + n. + doing

You'll get her to agree.

I'll get the car going.

get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为“被…….”

e.g. Be careful when you cross this verybusy street.

10. break away (from sb / sth) 脱离;破除…

e.g. It is not easy for him to break awayfrom bad habits.

The man broke away from his guards.

break down (会谈)破裂，失败;(汽车等)出故障;(人的健康状况)变得恶劣;(情感)失控e.g. His car broke down on the way to work this morning.

His health broke down under the pressure ofwork.

He broke down and wept when he heard thenews.

Talks between the two countries havecompletely broken down.

? break in 闯入;打岔

? break off 中断，折断

? break into 闯入

? break out 爆发;发生

? break up 驱散;分散，拆散

11. as well as 不仅…而且;既…又…

e.g. He is a teacher as well as a writer.

The children as well as their father wereseen playing football in the street.

12. convenience: n.方便;便利(convenient:adj. )

e.g. We bought this house for its convenience.

13. attraction: (attract: v.)

1). 吸引;引力(不可数n.) e.g. attraction of gravitation 重力

2). 吸引人的东西;喜闻乐见的东西;精彩节目(可数n.)

He can't resist the attraction of the sea ona hot day.

A big city offers many and variedattractions.

What are the principle attractions thisevening?

14. influence

1) v. 对…产生影响 e.g. What influence you to choose a career in teaching?

2)可数n. 产生影响的人或事 e.g. He is one of the good influences in the school.

3) (不可数n.) 影响 e.g. A teacher has great influence over his pupils.

高中必修五英语知识3

Unit 3:

1. impression n. 印记;印象;感想;后接ofsb./ of sth./ on sb./ that 从句;

e.g. My first impression of him wasfavourable.

I got the impression that they were unhappyabout the situation.

知识拓展：impress v.给……留下深刻的印象;使铭记;使感动;常用结构有：impress sth. on/upon sb./impress sb. with sth.给……留下深刻的印象;使铭记;

e.g It impressed me thatshe remembered my name.令我佩服的是她记得我的名字。

2. remind v.提醒;使想起;

常用结构有: remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事;

remind sb.+(that)/wh-从句提醒某人……;使某人想起……;

remind sb. about/of sth. 使某人想起或意识到……;提醒某人某事

e.g. I'm sorry, but I've forgotten yourname, can you remind me?

You remind me of your father when you saythat.

知识拓展：reminder n.提醒物;引起回忆的事物

3. constantly adv.始终;一直;重复不断地

e.g. Fashion is constantly changing.时尚总是日新月异。

知识拓展：constant adj.连续发生的;不断的;重复的;

4. previous adj.先前的;以往的;(时间上)稍前的

e.g. No previous experience is necessary forthis job.

I couldn't believe it when I heard the news.I had only seen him the previous day.

知识拓展：previously adv. 先前的;早先

e.g. The building had previously been usedas a hotel.

5. bend v.(bent bent)弯曲;使弯曲;弯腰;弯身;

e.g. It's hard to bend an iron bar. 把铁棒弄弯很不容易。

She bent her head and kissed her daughter. 她低下头吻了她的女儿。

常用搭配有: bend one's mind/efforts to sth. 致力于某事

bend sb.to sth. 迫使;说服

bend the truth 歪曲事实

6. press v. 压;按;推;挤;坚持;敦促n.报章杂志，新闻工作者，新闻界

e.g. She pressed a handkerchief to his nose.她用手绢捂住鼻子。

She pressed down hard on the gas pedal. 她用力踩下油门踏板。

He is still pressing her claim forcompensation. 他仍坚持索赔。

The press was/were not allowed to attend thetrial. 庭审谢绝新闻采访。

7. switch n. & v. 用作名词表示“开关;转换”。用作动词表示“转换”。

e.g. She made the switch from full-time topart-time work when her first child was born.

Press these two keys to switch betweendocuments on screen.

I can't work next week, will you switch withme?

8. lack n. & v. 用作名词，表示：“缺乏;短缺”;用作动词，表示：“缺乏;短缺;没有;不足”。

e.g. a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物/金钱/技能

The trip was cancelled through lack ofinterest. 因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。

He lacks confidence. 他缺乏信心。

知识拓展：lacking adj. 缺乏;没有;匮乏;不足

9. surroundings n.[pl.] 环境;surround v. 围绕;环绕surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的

e.g. Everyone likes to work in pleasantsurroundings.

10. catch/gain/get sight of 发现，看出

? lose sight of 看不见,忘记

? lose one's sight 失明

? at first sight 一见就;乍看起来At firstsight, the problem seems easy.

?at (the) sight of 一看见就…… At thesight of the teacher, the boy ran away.

?be in sight 看得见，在眼前Theisland is still in sight.

?out of sight 看不见Out of sight,out of mind.

11. take up

to fill or use an amount of space or time 占用(时间);占据(空间)

to learn to or start to do sth 开始做(某项工作);开始从事

to accept sth. that is offered or available 接受(建议或能得到的东西)

e.g. The table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占地儿。

They have taken up golf. 他们学起打高尔夫球来了。

She took up his offer of a drink. 他请她喝一杯，她接受了。

He takes up his duties next week. 他下周就要开始履行职责。

12. sweep up 打扫;清扫;横扫;涌向;快速地抱起

e.g. He swept up the baby up into his arms. 他一把将孩子抱进怀里

高中必修五英语知识4

Unit 4:

1. concentrate vi. 聚精会神，集中思想，多与on 和upon 或连用Concentrate on your work. 集中精神工作。

e.g. A driver should concentrate on the roadwhen driving.

Industrial development is being concentratedin the west of the country.

2. acquire vt. 获得, 学到，取得，拥有acquired, acquiring

e.g. She acquired a knowledge of the Englishby careful study.

Some smoking and alcoholic drinks are anacquired taste and are not in born.

3. accuse sb. of doing sth. 指责，指控accused, accusing

e.g. The police accused him of murder. 警方指控他谋杀。

She accused him lying. 她指责他说谎.

He was wrongly accused of stealing. 他误遭控告犯偷盗罪.

4. be of interest/ importance, value, use,help, ... = interesting/important/valuable/useful/helpful...

e.g. This is a matter of great importance. 这是一件非常重要的事。

The book is of great value to me. 这本书对我来说有很大价值。

There is nothing interesting/of interest intoday's newspaper.

5. journalist n.新闻记者;新闻工作者

e.g. He is a professional journalist. 他是一位专门的新闻从业人员

6. delighted a. 高兴的, 快乐的

e.g. I am really delighted. 我真的很高兴。

【词语联想】

delight n. 高兴, 愉快;vt. 使高兴, 乐于;vi. 感到高兴(或愉快、快乐)

e.g.Singing is her chief delight. 唱歌是她的主要爱好。

7. assist n. 帮助, 协助;vt. 帮助, 促进;vi. 协助, 参加

【习惯用语】

? assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人[做某事]

?assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人[做某事]

?assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人[做某事]

◆区别: help, aid, assist都含"帮助"、"援助"的意思。

?help 系常用词, 意义较aid, assist 强, 指"以积极态度给予各方面的帮助", 强调"受助者得到帮助或好处", 并着重"受助者对帮助的需要"

e.g. Please help me arrange these papers.

?aid 属较正式用语, 强调"帮助受助者脱离困难或危险", 有时意味着"强者援助弱者"

e.g. They aided flood victims.

?assist是正式用语, 多指"在提供帮助时, 帮助者起次要或起协助作用"

e.g. She assisted him in his experiments.

高中必修五英语知识5

Unit 5：

1. first aid 的意思是“急救”，例如：first aid to the injured 给予伤员的急救。

短语联想

give/offer aid 援助come to sb'said 帮助某人

teaching aids 教具medical aid 医疗救护

with the aid of 借助于

get injured 受伤，在现代英语中大量地出现了由“get+ 及物动词不达意的过去分词”构成的被动语态，这叫get - 型被动语态。又如：

The computer got (was)damaged when we weremoving.

My bike is getting (is being)repaired row.

2. Protect 动词，“保护、维护”，用于句式“protect + 名词+ against/from + 名词”。

e.g. He is wearing sunglasses to protect hiseyes from the strong sunlight.

【短语联想】

? Keep... from... 不让/避免

? stop... (from) ... 阻止

? prevent...(from) ... 妨碍/防止

?disable... from... 使……失去(能力/资格)

?save... from... 挽救、拯救

3.depend on 取决于。

e.g. The amount you pay depends on where youlive.词义拓展

depend on 依靠，依赖：His familydepends on him. 他的一家人全靠他养活。

依赖，信任：We are depending on you to finish the job by Friday.

4. squeeze 动词，意思是“榨取”、“挤出”，例如：squeeze an orange 榨橘子

squeeze + 名词+ out(of/from)+ 名词，

e.g. Those blackmailers intended to squeezemore money out of him.

5. hurt 既可作及物动词，作“伤害”、“使受伤”解，也可作不及物动词，作“疼痛”、“感到疼痛”解。既可表达身体的受伤，也可以表达情感的伤害。例如：

e.g. The little boy has fallen off a ladderand hurt himsel

f.

The driver hurt himself in the accident. 司机在事故中受了伤。

6. unless 除非……;如果不……。如：

7. icy adj. 冰凉的

-y 是个形容词后缀。如：

windy 有风的hilly 多小山的sleepy 困倦的

greeny 略呈绿色spicy 辛辣的woody 树木茂密的

thirsty 饥渴的dirty 脏的snowy 下雪的

8. in place 放在适当的地方。如：

e.g. The librarian put the returned books inplace. 图书管理员把还回的图书放到原处。

Yon'd better put things back inplace.Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things.

9. sense n. 感觉

?sense of touch 触觉sense of sight视觉

? sense of hearing 听觉sense of smell嗅觉

? sense of humour 幽默感sense ofbeauty 美感

?ense of hunger 饥饿感the sixthsense 第六感

10. variety n. 多样, 种类,

★ a variety of…各种各样……

【词语联想】

various a. 不同的, 各种的, 多方面的, 许多的

e.g. Everyone arrived late at the party forvarious reasons.

The Past Participle used As Attribute andPredicative

第一讲、过去分词做定语和表语

1.English is a widely used language.

2.He threw away the broken cup.

3.This is one of the schools built in 1980s.

4.Prices of daily goods bought through acomputer can be lower than store prices. 单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;

过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。

spoken English

= English which is spoken

terrified people

= the people who are terrified

an organized way

= a way that is organized

affected area 灾区

= the area which is affected

stolen culture relics

= culture relics that had been stolen

the book recommended by the teacher

= the book which was recommended by theteacher

printed articles

= articles that are printed

1) Doctor John Snow was a well-known doctorin London. 定语

2) John Snow told the astonished people inBroad Street. 定语

3) He got interested in the two theories. 表语

4) Neither its cause, nor its cure wasunderstood表语

There are many fallen leaves on the ground.

= There are many leaves which had fallen onthe ground. (地上有许多落叶)

Some of them, born and brought up in ruralvillages, had never been to Beijing.

= Some of them , who had been born andbrought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing.

(他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没去过北京)

及物动词的过去分词表示结束了的被动动作或者没有一定的时间性,只表示被动关系。

polluted water

= water which is polluted

reserved seats

= the seats which were reserved

trapped animal

= the animal which was trapped

不及物动词的过去分词不表被动，只表示动作发生在谓语动词之前，含有动作完成，动作结束之含义。

boiled water

= water which has boiled

fallen leaves

= the leaves which have fallen

risen sun

= the sun which has risen

过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。

The books, written by Guo Jingming, are verypopular with teenagers. 这些书是郭敬明写的，深受青少年的喜爱。

Some of them, born and brought up in ruralvillages, had never been to Beijing. 他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没过北京.

The book _written by the farmer (一本农民写的书) is very popular.

The building built last year (去年建的楼房) now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake.

The problem discussed at the meetingyesterday(在昨天会议上讨论的) was very difficult to solve.

The window broken by that naughty boy被那个顽皮男孩打破的) is being repaired.

The children examined in the hospitalyesterday昨天在医院检查的) were seriously ill.

The people exposed to the sun (暴露在阳光下的) got sunburnt.

The boy punished severely by the teacher (受到老师严厉惩罚的) is now a college student.

The water delivered to his home (送到他家的水) carried disease.

The English today is quite different fromthe English spoken in the past 300 years (300年前所说的).

Most of the artists invited to the party (被邀请去参加聚会的) were from South Africa.

The students inspired by the teacher (受到老师鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before.

The Olympic Games, __A_ in 776 B.C. did notinclude women players until 1912.

A. first played

B. to be first played

C. first playing

D. to be first playing

①过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。

②现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。

③不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。

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