初中七年级下册英语重要知识点归纳总结

学好英语，我们能看到一个全新不同的世界。例如，我们可以更好地欣赏原著小说或是英语电影。有的时候，翻译可能会使源语言的精华得不到很好的展现。我下面是小编为大家整理的有关八年级下册仁爱英语知识点集合，希望对你们有帮助!

八年级下册仁爱英语知识点集合

go on a trip 去旅行

three-day visit 三天的旅行

It takes/took/ will take sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间 (it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式)

make a decision 做一个决定 make the decision 做决定

too…to… 太…而不能…

find out 找出，查清楚，弄明白

the cost for(doing)sth. (做)某事的花费

over the phone 通过电话

decide on sth. 决定某事

the best way to do sth. 做某事的方式

plan to do sth. 计划做某事

start out 出发

by train/bus/plane… 乘坐…

would like to do 想要做某事

tickets to Mount Tai 到泰山的票

at +价格 I bought this dress at $50.

book a train ticket 预订一张火车票

raise money 筹钱

think of 认为，想出

serve sth. to sb. 用某物招待某人 (=serve sb. with sth.)

Spring/Summer/Fall/Winter is the best time to do sth. 春/夏/秋/冬是做某事的好时候

places of interest 名胜古迹

help sb.(to)do sth. 帮助某人做某事

advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事

I’m looking forward to hearing from you. 期待着你的来信。(写信时用上这个句子) look forward to doing 期待着做某事

hear from sb. 收到某人的来信

leave/left for +地点 动身去某地，for后面接的是要去的地方，而不是离开的地方 On the third day of our trip 在我们旅行的第三天

so…that… 如此…以至于…

enjoy (doing) sth. 喜欢做某事

While A was doing sth., B was doing sth. 当A在做某事的时候，B在做某事。

On vacation 在度假

How about/What about doing sth.? 做某事怎么样?

be busy doing 忙于做某事

come along with sb. 与某人一起

work out 算出

in the center of 在…的中心

from south to north 从南到北

Monument to the People’s Heroes 人民英雄纪念碑

be meaningful to sb. 对某人有意义

can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待要做某事

can’t help doing 情不自禁要做某事

can’t help to do sth. 不能帮忙做某事

How far is it from A to B? A到B地有多远?

arrive at +小地点

arrive in +大地点

have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事有乐趣

obey/break the traffic rules 遵守/打破交通规则

save energy 节约能源

get a fine 得到罚款，收到罚单

be good for 对…有好处

share A with B 与B一起分享A

pay attention to 注意，留心

traffic signals 交通信号

safety rules 安全准则

in case of 以防，万一，假使

first aid 急救

call sb. for help 打电话向某人求助

in a word= in short= all in all 总而言之

lend sth to sb. 把某物借给某人

empty into 注入

Unit5&Unit6重要语法点：状语从句

在这两个单元里，最重要的语法是系动词加形容词构成的系表结构，原因状语从句，不定式在句子中做主宾表定状补语，最重要的是时间状语从句和条件状语从句。一定切实理解并掌握“主将从现”四个字。

时间状语从句的引导词：when, while, as, until, not…until, before, after, as soon as Eg: I will stay here until she comes back.

I won’t leave until she comes back.

I will go with her when she leaves.

I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.

条件状语从句的引导词：if，unless

Eg: We won’t go to climb the mountain if it rains tomorrow.

If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to climb the mountain.

She won’t come back from the market unless she gets enough things.

仁爱版八年级英语下册重点知识总结

Unit 1. what’s the matter?

一.重点短语归纳

1. foot---feet 脚 tooth---teeth 牙齿

2. have a cold 感冒 3. have a stomachache 胃疼 4. have a sore back背疼 5. have a sore throat喉咙疼 6. have a fever发烧 7. lie down and (have a)rest 躺下休息 have a rest 休息

8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶 9. see a dentist 看牙医 see a doctor 看医生 10.drink lots of water多喝水

11.lots of ,a lot of, 许多。大量 a lot

a lot of=lots of，可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，一般用在肯定句中。： There are lots of ( a lot of) books in our library. There is a lot of water on the ground

a lot,是一个副词词组，跟动词连用;表示十分，很等意思; Thanks a lot. 12. have a toothache牙疼 13. That’s a good idea好主意 14. go to bed 去睡觉 go to bed early 早上床睡觉 15. feel well感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服

I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服. 16. start doing/ to do sth开始做某事

to do 是一件事情完成了，开始做另外一件事情

doing是原来的那件事情做到一半，现在又开始做了，是同一件事情。 17. two days ago两天前 18. get some rest 多休息, 休息一会儿

19. I think so我认为是这样 20. be thirsty口渴 21. be hungry 饥饿 22. be stressed out紧张 23. listen to music听音乐

24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医 26. need to do sth 需要做某事

I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist. 我牙痛, 我需要去看牙医. We need to keep our classroom clean. 我们需要保持教室的干净. 27. too much + 不可数名词 太多的…

much too +形/副 实在太… 极其，非常 too many + 可数名词复数 太多的…

28.be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ，对什么有好处 be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害 be good to 对…好

be good at =do well in 在……方面好，擅长 be good(bad) for、be good at的相关用法 1.be good for 对......有益

Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操对你们的建康有益。

2.be good at 擅长于......

Li Ping is good at basketball. 李平擅长于篮球。

= Li Ping is good at playing basketball. 李平擅长于打篮球。 be good at = do well in 如：

I'm good at math. = I do well in math. 我擅长于数学。 3.be good to 对......好

Parents are always good to their children.父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。 29.get good grades 取得好成绩

30.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的气

I was angry with him for keeping me waiting.我对他很生气，因为他让我等了好久。

be angry at/ about sth 就某事生气

31.It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 It’s important to do sth . 做某事很重要。 32.balanced diet平衡饮食

33.get tired 感到疲倦 be/get tired

34.stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health

35.He shouldn’t eat anything

=He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西.

36.give sb some advice给某人建议give advice 提出建议 advice 是不可数名词

a piece of advice 一则建议 take one’s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议

He gave me some good advice. 他向我提了一些很好的意见。

49.sleep 8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小时， get enough sleep 得到充足的睡眠 50.take medicine 吃药 服药

I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因为感冒，我不得不一天吃三次药。二 固定结构

It’s +形容词 + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是…的。

It’s important to do sth .做某事很重要。

It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的. It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 It’s easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案对我们来说是容易的 三.重点句子

1.What’s the matter ? What’s the mater with you ? 你怎么啦?

=What’s the trouble with you?=What’s wrong with you? I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache

2.That’s too bad. You should / shouldn’t … 那太糟糕了. 你应该/不该…

You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor . He shouldn’t eat anything = He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西. 3.I’m not felling well . 这里well表示身体状况，不能用good代替 I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服.

4.When did it start ? About two days ago . 什么时候开始的?大约两天前

5.I hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起来 这里better是well的比较级

10.It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it’s important to eat a balanced diet . 有一个健康的生活方式很容易，饮食平衡是很重要的。

→ It’s easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / It’s important to do sth . 做某事重要 四.知识结构

1○

.情态动词should的用法 should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。 情态动词没有人称和数的变化，意为"应该......"。

should(应当，应该)用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。 eg. You should wait a little more. 你应该再多等一会儿。

--- I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厉害。

--- You should lie down and have a rest.你应该躺下，多喝水。 2○

maybe与may be 1.maybe是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。如：

Maybe he can answer the question. 也许他能回答那个问题。 He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。 2.may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是......”。如：

He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。 She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我们的英语老师 4○

few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系： 1.few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有;a few表示有肯定意思，例如：

He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。 There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。

2.little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。 a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。 例如： There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗?

5○

not…until 直到 …(否定句) 才，动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词 She didn’t leave until we came.

He went shopping after he got up.

=He didn’t go shopping until /before he got up. ……until/till 直到••• (肯定句)动词为延续性动词 We stayed here till/until 12 o’clock.

Unit 2 I'll help clean the city parks.

一.知识点： 短语动词小结

有几个。常见短语动词结构有下面几种：

1.动词+副词 如：give up 放弃 turn off 关掉 stay up 熬夜

这种结构有时相当于及物动词，如果其宾语是代词，就必须放在动 词和副词之间，如果是名词，则既可插在动词和副词之间，也可放 在短语动词后。

2. 动词+介词 如：listen of 听 look at 看 belong to 属于 这种结构相当于及物动词，后面跟宾语。

3. 动词+副词+介词 如：come up with 提出，想出

run out of 用完，耗尽

4. 动词+名词(介词) 如：take part in参加 catch hold of 抓住

1.cheer (sb.) up 使(某人)高兴、振作 如：cheer me up 使我高兴 clean up 打扫 clean-up n. 打扫2. homeless adj. 无家可归的 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩home n. 家 4. sick adj. 生病的 作表语、定语 ill adj. 生病的 作表语 ，不能作定语 5. volunteer to do v. 志愿效劳、主动贡献 volunteer n. 志愿者

6. come up with 提出 想出 === think up 想出 catch up with 赶上 追上 7. put off doing 推迟做某事 put on 穿上 (指过程) put up 张贴

8. write down 写下 记下 9. call up 打电话 make a telephone call 打电话 10. set up 成立 建立

The new hospital was set up in 2000. 这座医院是在2000年成立的。 11. each 每个 各自的 强调第一个人或事物的个别情况 常与of 连用 every 每个 每一个的 一切的 则有“全体”的意思不能与of 连用 12. put …to use 把… 投入使用，利用

They put the new machine to use. 他们把新机器投入使用 13. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事 help him (to) study help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 help him with English help do 帮助做某事 help study 14. plan to do 计划做某事 plan + 从句

I plan to go to Beijing. === I plan (that) I will go to Beijing. 我计划去北京。

15. spend … doing 花费…做… I spent a day visiting Beijing.

我花了一天的时间去参观北京。

spend… on sth. 花费…在… I spent 3 years on English. 16. join 参加 (指参加团体、组织) 如：join the Party 入党

take part in 参加 (指参加活动) 如： take part in sports meeting 参加运动会 17. run out 与 run out of

①run out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。如时间，食物，金钱，油等，本

身就含有被动意义。

His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。 Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。 ②run out of 主语为人，表示主动含义。

He is always running out of money before pay day. 他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。 两者在一定条件下可以互换

如：The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了= We are running out of petrol. 我们快把汽油用完了。 Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。= We are running out of time 18. take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像

be similar to 与..相像 take after 相像 look after 照顾 take care of 照顾 19. work out v. + adj. ①结局，结果为

The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的这个策略效果很好。 ②算出，制订出，消耗完(精力等)

He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永远不会疲乏似的。 He worked out a plan. 他制订了一个计划。

I have worked out our total expenses. 我已经算出了我们总的费用。 21. hang out 闲荡 闲逛

I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。 22. be able to do 能 会 be unable to do 不能 不会 23. thank you for doing 谢谢做某事 如： thank you for helping me 谢谢做帮助我 24. for sure 确实如此，毫无疑问

You don’t have money. That’s for sure. 你没有钱，这是毫无疑问的。 25. fill… with… 使…充满… 用…填充…

She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。 26. hand out 分发 hand out bananas

give out 分发 give out sth to sb. 分….给某人 give up doing 放弃… give up smoking 放弃吸烟

give away 赠送 捐赠 give away sth. to …. give away money to kids give sb. sth. 给某人某东西 give me money 给我钱 give sth. to sb. 给某人某东西 give money to me 给我线 27. help sb. out 帮助…做事，解决难题(摆脱困境)

I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out. 我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。28. train n. 火车 train v. 训练 train sb. to do. 训练某人做某事

She trains her dog to fetch things. 她训练她的狗去取东西。 29. at once == right away 立刻 马上 如： Do it at once. 马上去做。

I’ll go there at once/ right away. 我马上去那里。

30. one day 有一天 (指将来/过去) some day 有一天(指将来) 如： One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。

Some day I’ll go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。 34. disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的 disable v. 不能

36. volunteer ①可数名词 “志愿者” ②adj. 自愿的 vi. volunteer to do sth

They are the Chinese People’s Volunteers. 他们是中国人民志愿军。

I volunteer to help you. 我自愿帮助你。 二.句子

1.We can’t put off making a plan. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from now. 我们不能推迟制订计划，清洁日离现在只有两周了。

2.She puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care centre at her local elementary school. 她在当地的一所小学的课后辅导中心工作，使这个爱好得到较好的利用

3.Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do. 帮助别人不但自己感到快乐，而且我开始花时间做自己喜欢做的事了。 4.The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project at heir school. 这三个学生计划在他们校开展一个学生志愿者项目。

5.He also put up some sign asking for old bikes.他还贴了一些需求旧自行车的告。 6.The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 几米想出的这个办法很效。 8.We need to come up with a plan. 我们需要指定一个计划。

9.You could help clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。 10.He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children who

don’t have bikes. 他现在有16辆要修理的自行车，并准备把这些修好的自行车赠送给那些没有自行车的孩子。

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?

一.重要词组及短语

1. could you please do sth.? 你能……吗?/ 请你干……好吗? 2. do the chores 做杂务 3. do the dishes 洗餐具 4. sweep the floor 清扫地板 5. take out the trash 倒垃圾

6. make one's bed 铺床 7. fold one's clothes 叠衣服 8. clean the living room 清扫客厅 9. stay out late 晚归 10. come over 过来 11. have a test 考试 12. get a ride 搭车 13. use one's computer 使用某人的电脑 14. hate sth. / hate to do sth. / hate doing sth. 讨厌某事/做某事

15. do the laundry = do some washing = wash clothes 洗衣服17. wash the car 刷车 16. make breakfast / make dinner = do some cooking 做饭

18. work on 从事，忙于 work at 学习、致力于、在……上下工夫 19. borrow some money 借一些钱

borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物(借入)

lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物(借出)

You can borrow some money from your brother. 你可以向你哥哥借些钱。 Can you lend me your bike? 你能借给我你的自行车吗? 20. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事

They invited me to join their club. 他们邀请我参加俱乐部。 invite sb to a place 邀请某人去某地 invite you to my party 21. go to the store 去商店

22. agree sb. to do sth. 同意某人做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人的意见

disagree sb. to do sth. 不同意某人做某事 disagree with sb. 不同意某人的意见

23. take care of = look after 照顾、照看、照料 take good care of = look after … well 把……照管得好 26. take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步 27. play with sb. 和某人玩

28. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(做过) (2)关于 to 的短语总结：

have to do sth. 不得不，必须做某事

need to do sth. 需要做某事 hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事 like to do sth. 喜欢做某事 want to do sth. 想做某事 love to do sth. 热爱做某事 forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 start to do sth. 开始做某事 begin to do sth. 开始做某事 ask sb to do sth. 请某人做某事

二.重点句型

1. Could you please clean your room?

Yes, sure. / Sorry, I can't. I have to do my homework first. 2. Could I please use the car?

Sure. / Certainly. / Of course. / No, you can't. I have to go out.

在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，常用 could 代替 can，以表示礼貌，委婉或不确定的语气，而 can 则不具备这些语气。这种情况下不能把 could 看作 can 的过去式。以上两句中用 could 是为了表示礼貌的请求。表示请求帮助或请求允许时，除了 can, could 之外，还可以用 may，句子的表达方式也各有不同，可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念。例：

Could / Can / May I use your car for a day? 作允答可以各种各样： 如同意可以说 Yes，或 Sure 或 Certainly，还可说 Yes, (do) please. 或 Of course. (you may / can). 或 That's OK / all right.

如果不同意，可以说 I'm sorry you can't. 或 I'm really sorry, but I have to use it today. 要避免说 No, you can't. 这样显得很不礼貌。否定回答通常用委婉语气。

Unit4.Why don’t you talk to your parents?

一、重点短语

1. have free time有空闲时间 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛 4. after-school classes课外活动课 5. get into a fight with sb. 与某人吵架/打架 6. until midnight直到半夜 7. talk to sb. 与某人交谈 8. too many太多

9. study too much学得过多 10. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠 11. write sb. a letter给某人写信 12. call sb. up打电话给某人

13. surprise sb. 令某人惊讶 14. look through翻看 15. be angry with sb. 生某人的气 16. a big deal重要的事 17. work out成功地发展;解决 18. get on with和睦相处;关系良: 19. fight a lot经常吵架/打架 20. hang over笼罩

21. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 22. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 23. so that以便 24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事 25. all the time一直 26. in future今后

27. make sb. angry使某人生气 28. worry about sth. 担心某事 29. copy one’ s homework抄袭某人的作业 30. be oneself做自己

31. family members 家庭成员 32. spend time alone独自消磨时光 33. give sb. pressure给某人施压 34. have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架 35. compete with sb. 与某人竞争 36. free time activities业余活动

37. get better grades取得更好的成绩 38. give one’ s opinion提出某人的观点 39. learn exam skills学习应试技巧 40. practice sports体育训练 41. cause stress造成压力 42. cut out删除 一. 重要词汇和句型

1. get ( 1 ) 买 get sth. for sb. == get sb. sth. 为某人买某物 Can you get some fruit for me when you go shopping ? == Can you get me some fruit when you go shopping ? ( 2 ) 得到, 到达 Where did you get the book ?

When did you get the letter ? He got home late last night . (3) 使, 让 get + 宾语 + 宾补 使某人 某物 怎么样

Please get you coat clean . Get your mouth closed . get sb. to do sth. 使某人 某物做某事 I got him to call Jim yesterday .

(4) ( 逐渐) 变得…The weather gets warmer and days get longer . Why did the teacher get angry ?

2. how about what about 后跟名词 代词 动词ing形式。 ( 1) 向对方提出建议或请求

How about going out for a walk ?How about something to eat ? (2) 向对方征求意见或看法

How about the TV play ? How about buying the house now ? ( 3 ) 询问天气或身体情况

How about the weather in Hainan Island ?

How about your parents ? Are they living with you ? ( 4 ) 谈话中承接上下文

I’m forty years old . How about you ? I’m from Beijing . How about you ?

3. receive 收到 The girl was happy to receive many gifts on her birthday . receive a letter from == get a letter from == heard from收到某人的信 I received a letter from my parents last Sunday . == I got a letter from my parents last Sunday .

== I heard from my parents last Sunday .

accept 接受 He couldn’t accept our suggestions but our gifts . She was very glad to receive the invitation .

He didn’t receive a good education at university . I received an invitation to the party , but I refused to accept it . 4. a 6--year – old child 一个六岁的孩子

6--year – old 是由 “数词 +名词 + 形容词 ” 构成的复合形容词, 作前置定语, 修饰后面的名词child .

数词+名词+形容词 构成的复合形容词，中间的名词要用单数形式：

a five-year-old girl 一个五岁的女孩 a two-meter-long ruler 一把两米长的尺子

a ten-story-high building 一栋十层高的楼房 a two-inch-thick dictionary一本两英寸厚的词典5. too … to… 太…… 而不能 ……

too 后跟形容词或副词原形, to 后跟动词原形, 构成不定式. 句子的主语与 动词不定的主语不一时, 可以在动词不定式前加逻辑主语for sb.

He is too young to join the army ( 军队) . 他年纪太小，不能去参军。

The math problem is too difficult for me to work out . 这道数学题对我来说太难了，做不出。 too … to… 可以与 enough to 和 so… that … 转换.

与enough to转换 时, enough 前的形容词, 副词必须是too 后面形容词, 副词的反义词, 并使用其否定句式.

She is too young to do the work .

== she isn’t old enough to do the work .

与 so… that … 转换时, that 后面的从句要用否定形式. Tom is too tired to walk any farther .

== Tom is so tired that he can’t walk any farther . 6. cost 1) 动词 , 花费 价值 (多少钱 ) How much did it cost ? 这花了多少钱?

I didn’t buy it because it cost too much . 我没有买，因为它太贵了。 The meal cost us about 100 yuan . 这顿饭花费了我大约100块3. 7. pay , spend , cost , take 的区别

pay 花费 ( 多少钱 ) , 主语是人. Sb. pay some money for sth. I paid 5000 yuan for the computer last week . 我上个星期花了5000买电脑。

Spend 花费 ( 多少钱或时间 ),主语是人. Sb. spend some money on sth. Sb. spend some time ( in ) doing sth. I spent 5000 yuan on the computer last week .

She spent 2 hours ( in ) doing her homework . 她花了2个小时做作业。 cost 花费 ( 多少钱 ) , 主语是物. Sth. cost sb. some money . This jacket cost him 200 dollars . 这件夹克衫花费她200美元。 take 花费 (时间 ),主语为It It takes sb. some time to do sth . 花费某人多少时间做某事

How long does it take sb. to do sth ? 花费某人多少时间做某事?

It took Liu Hong 2 hours to do her homework . 刘红花了2个小时做作业。 8. sleep , sleeping, sleepy , asleep , fall asleep , be asleep sleep 动词, 睡觉, 强调动作.

I am very tired . I want to sleep . 我很累，想睡觉。 sleeping , Sleep 的现在分词, 表示 “ 正在睡觉”

Don’t make so much noise . The baby is sleeping . 不要这么吵，宝宝在睡觉。 sleepy 想睡觉的, 困倦的.

I am a little sleepy. I’d like to go to bed . 我有点困了，我想去床上睡觉了。 asleep 睡着了的.

The teacher found Tom asleep in class and kept him behind after school . 老师发现汤姆上课睡觉，放学后就把他留了下来。

fall asleep 强调从没有睡着到睡着的过程, 不能接一段时间

I couldn’t fall asleep until it was very late last night . 我昨天晚上到很晚才睡着。 be asleep 表示睡着后的状态 , “ 睡着了”, 可以接一段时间 . He was asleep for three hours . 他睡了3个小时。

9. choose 动词, “ 选择,挑选 ” , 过去式chose, 过去分词chosen choose to do sth. 选择做某事

We choose Mike as our leader ( 领导 ). 我们选择迈克作为我们的领导。 Will you help me choose a dictionary ? 你会帮我选一本字典吗? 10. open ( 1 ) 动词, 打开 , 开业, 开张, 展现

Would you mind opening the window ? 你介意我把窗户打开吗? ( 2 ) 形容词, be open 开着的, 开放的

On weekends the swimming pool is open to the public . 在周末，这个游泳池是对公众开放的。 close 动词, 关闭, 关上 , 合上

closed 形容词, be closed 关着的, 关闭的

11. rather than 而不是 …… 后面跟名词, 代词, 从句

The color seems green rather than blue . 这种颜色看上去像绿色而不是蓝色。 We depend on you rather than on him . 我们依赖的是你父亲而不是他。 prefer to do sth rather than do sth . 宁愿…… , 也不 ……

She preferred to stay at home rather than go with us . 她宁愿待在家里也不愿和我们一起去。 12. instead (1) 位于句首, 表示 “ 反而, 相反”

I didn’t go to the cinema last night，instead, I watched a football match on TV. 我昨天晚上没有去看电影，反而是在家里看了场足球赛。 ( 2 ) 位于句尾, 表示 “ 作为代替, 而是”

I don’t like this one , please give me that instead . 我不喜欢这件，给我那件吧。 instead of 后跟名词, 代词, 动名词, 介词短语.表示 “ 代替, 而不是” We walked down the stairs instead of taking the elevator ( 电梯 ) . 我们不是坐电梯下来，而是走楼梯。

13. encourage 动词, 鼓励, 激励 encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 Parents should encourage children to do things by themselves . 家长们应该要鼓励孩子们自己动手做事情，

14. progress 名词, “ 进步, 进展” make progress “取得进步, 取得进展” Tom is now making great progress at school . 汤姆现在在学校的进步很大。