2022年高考全国甲卷数学理科试卷

2022年高考英语已经结束了，对于大部分省份考生来说高考就到此结束了，今年不少网友表示高考英语并不算很难，也算是常规难度范围内，下面是小编给大家整理的关于2022年全国乙卷英语高考真题及答案详解，欢迎大家来阅读。

河南省2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

?19.15.B.?9.18.C.?9.15.

答案是A。

1. What does the man want to do?

A. Have breakfast.

B. Take a walk.

C. Call his office.

2. What was George doing last night?

A. Having a meeting.

B. Flying home.

C. Working on a project.

3. Why does the man suggest going to the park?

A. It’s big.

B. It’s quiet.

C. It’s new.

4. How does the woman sound?

A. Annoyed.

B. Pleased.

C. Puzzled.

5. Where is the man’s table?

A. Near the door.

B. By the window.

C. In the corner.

第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What are the speakers going to do tonight?

A. Eat out.

B. Go shopping.

C. Do sports.

7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Boss and secretary.

B. Hostess and guest.

C. Husband and wife.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. Why does the woman think July is the best time to move?

A. Their business is slow.

B. The weather is favorable.

C. It’s easy to hire people.

9. How will they handle the moving?

A. Finish it all at once.

B. Have the sales section go first.

C. Do one department at a time.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. What did Peter learn from his grandfather?

A. How to appreciate art works.

B. How to deal with artists.

C. How to run a museum.

11. What did Peter do in Chicago?

A. He studied at a college.

B. He served in the army.

C. He worked in a gallery.

12. Whose works did Peter like best?

A. Rembrandt’s.

B. Botticelli’s.

C. Rubens’.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. Where does the conversation take place?

A. At a library.

B. In a law firm.

C. On a train.

14. By what time did John plan to finish his term paper?

A. March.

B. August.

C. October

15. Why did John quit his part-time job?

A. He had to catch up with his study.

B. He was offered a better one.

C. He got tired of it.

16. What is Susan's attitude to John’s problem?

A. Carefree.

B. Understanding.

C. Forgiving.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What did the speaker do before the year 2012?

A.A fitness coach.

B.A chess player.

C.A marathon runner.

18. Why was the 2016 Olympics important for the speaker?

A. He was motivated by Bolt.

B. He broke a world record.

C. He won fifth place.

19. Which is the hardest for the speaker?

A. Getting over an injury.

B. Doing strength training.

C. Representing Botswana.

20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?

A. His plan to go for the gold.

B. His experience on the track.

C. His love for his home country.

【答案】 1~5 BCBAC 6~10 ACACA 11~15 ACCBA 16~20 BBCAB

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Henry Raeburn (1756-1823)

The Exhibition

This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.

Lecture Series

Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.

Exhibition Times

Monday-Saturday 10.00-17.45 Sunday 12.00-17.45

Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. The is no re-admission.

Closed: 24-26 December and 1 January

Admission

?4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.

Schools and Colleges

A special low entrance charge of ?2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.

21. What is the right time for attending Raeburn’s English Contemporaries?

A. Sun. 26 Oct.

B. Thurs.30 Oct.

C. Thurs. 6 Nov.

D. Thurs. 13 Nov.

22. How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?

A. ?4.

B. ?8.

C. ?12.

D. ?16.

23. How can full-time students get group discounts?

A. They should go on Sunday mornings.

B. They should come from art schools.

C. They must be led by teachers.

D. They must have ID cards with them.

【答案】21~23 BBC

【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了苏格兰画家画展的一些情况。

21.细节理解题。根据Lecture Series小标题下的内容“Raeburn’s English Contemporaries Thursday 30 Oct., 13.10”可知，答案为B。

22.细节理解题。根据Admission小标题下的内容“?4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.”可知，一个成年人带着一个12岁以下的孩子是免费的，而题目中是一对夫妇带着一个孩子，因此多出来的成人需要付?8，故选B。

23.细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话“A special low entrance charge of ?2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.”可知，如果老师组团带学生一起，可获得相应折扣，故选C。

B

In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y. — Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood — traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter.

Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.

They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.

In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.

Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”

24. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?

A. To teach in a school.

B. To study American history.

C. To write a book.

D. To do sightseeing.

25. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?

A. They enjoyed much respect.

B. They had a room with a bathtub.

C. They lived with the local kids.

D. They suffered severe hardships.

26. Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising?

A. The extreme climate of Auburn.

B. The living conditions in Elkhead.

C. The railroad building in the Rockies.

D. The natural beauty of the West.

27. What is the text?

A. A news report.

B. A book review.

C. A children’s story.

D. A diary entry.

【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B

【解析】本文为说明文，介绍了Dorothy Wickenden写了一本关于自己的(外)祖母Dorothy Woodruff和Rosamond Underwood年轻时去贫困山区支教的书，作者简单介绍了这本书的情节并对这本书加以赞许。

24. 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood —traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.”可知，这两位富家女孩去到落基山脉是为了在当地一所学校教书，故选A。

25. 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning”可知，这两个女孩在支教时受了不少苦，故选D。

26. 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.”可知，Wickenden书中最令人毛骨悚然的部分是关于在落基山脉修建铁路的部分，故选C。

27. 文章来源题。根据第一段最后一句中的“Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden”，第四段的开头“In Wickenden’s book”和最后一段的开头“Wickenden is a very good storyteller.”可知，整篇文章都在围绕Wickenden这本书展开叙述，所以是一篇书评，故选B。

C

Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.

Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.

That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.

By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.

28. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?

A. The use of drones in checking on power lines.

B. Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.

C. The reduction of cost in designing drones.

D. Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.

29. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?

A. Personnel safety.

B. Assistance from drones.

C. Inspection and repair.

D. Construction of infrastructure.

30. What function is expected of the rail drones?

A. To provide early warning.

B. To make trains run automatically.

C. To earn profits for the crews.

D. To accelerate transportation.

31. Which is the most suitable title for the text?

A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones

B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded

C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face

D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways

【答案】28. A 29. C 30. A 31. D

【解析】本文为说明文，从多方面介绍了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。

28. 细节理解题。根据第二段前两句中的“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure...”可知，无人机在已经被用于检查高压电线。它们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁轨和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，所以是无人机在检查电线的使用使得无人机成为在铁轨上的应用成为可能，故选A。

29. 词义猜测题。根据划线词后一句中的“...20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.”可知，仅欧洲铁路公司一年就在铁路维护上花费了大约200亿欧元，包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施，所以无人机在铁轨的使用能大大降低维修成本，故选C。

30. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后两句“Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.”可知，配备了先进传感器和人工智能的小型无人机可以像副驾驶员实时监测，并发出问题的信号，所以铁轨无人机的作用是提供早期预警。故选A。

31. 标题归纳题。通读全文，文章从降低铁轨维修成本，协助员工危险作业以及提供预警等方面介绍了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，故选D。

D

The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.

First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖). It is believed that today’s children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.

Initially the sugar tax was expected to make ?520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate ?240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.

It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers’ efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.

However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.

Today’s figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities (设施) and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.

32. Why was the sugar tax introduced?

A. To collect money for schools. B. To improve the quality of drinks.

C. To protect children’s health. D. To encourage research in education.

33. How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?

A. They turned to overseas markets. B. They raised the prices of their products.

C. They cut down on their production. D. They reduced their products’ sugar content.

34. From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?

A. Most alcoholic drinks. B. Milk-based drinks. C. Fruit juices. D. Classic Coke.

35. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?

A. It is a short-sighted decision. B. It is a success story.

C. It benefits manufacturers. D. It upsets customers.

【答案】32. C 33. D 34. D 35. B

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述政府通过征收饮料糖税来控制儿童的摄糖量从而帮助减少肥胖，并且达到了很好的效果。

32. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“the tax...was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity”可知，糖税政策被引进的作用是为减少儿童肥胖，即C项“保护儿童健康”符合题意，故选C。

33. 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax.”可知一些饮料公司减少了产品的含糖量来应对糖税，故选D。

34. 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句中的“However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax”以及第五段第二句中的“Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax”可知，Classic Coca Cola需要缴纳糖税，故选D。

35. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句中的“Today’s figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having”可知，糖税政策有积极的影响，故选B。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.

·Set a regular date

Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 36 .

·More isn’t always merrier

Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 37 . There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.

·Practise empathy (共情)

38 . The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.

· 39

Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.

·Don’t rely on technology alone

40 , but long-distance friendships -even close ones -may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.

A. Remember important dates

B. Compensate by writing letters

C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper

D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it

E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication

F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media

G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind

【答案】36. D 37. E 38. G 39. A 40. F

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个保持长久友谊的方式。

36. 根据该空所在小标题“Set a regular date”即设定一个定期的时间，以及该空前面讲到在忙碌的生活中，挤出时间来打电话是很难的，所以该空应该是要解决这个问题，即D项“尝试找到一个适合你们俩的时间并坚持下去”符合语境，故选D。

37. 根据该空前面“what method works best for you both”以及后面“There are alternatives to constant written communication...”可知该空处需讲到关键词methods，E项中的methods跟前面的复现，且呼应后面讲到的“constant written communication...等各种方式，故选E。

38. 根据该空小标题“Practise empathy”可知这段的建议是让我们训练共情能力，且该段讲到朋友离开或是留下两种情况，G项中的“who left or the one who was left behind”与之对应，而C项“成为一个友谊守护者也是有帮助的”不符合该段主旨内容，故选G。

39. 根据该空所在位置为小标题可知这里需要祈使句，那么锁定选项A以及B，再根据该段内容主要讲述长久的友谊中一些仪式感比如周年、生日等很重要，A项中的“important dates”对应那些节日，B项与该段主旨不符，故选A。

40. 根据该空所在小标题“Don’t rely on technology alone”可知此段建议是不要只依赖于科技，且其后讲到但是长久的友谊甚至是亲密的关系也需要有意识的努力去维持。F项“虽然通过社交媒体能够轻易让我们有一些联系感”跟后面“but”连接的句子逻辑通顺，且句中的“social media”跟小标题中的“technology”相对应，故选F。

第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about __41__ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.

However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably __42__ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies__43__.

For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was __44__ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our __45__ research results in child developmental psychology __46__ that idea.

We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each __47__ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or __48__. We then asked the child if she could __49__ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same __50__ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: __51__ children said that they couldn’t __52__ to her.

A number of __53__ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects __54__ the questions and knew __55__ what was asked of them. Their __56__ to the questions reflected their true __57__ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply __58__ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our __59__ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method __60__ when others use it.

41. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing

42. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick

43. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced

44. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted

45. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired

46. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested

47. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor

48. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears

49. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool

50. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident

51. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once

52. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave

53. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions

54. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored

55. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly

56. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity

57. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose

58. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up

59. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings

60. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective

【答案】41~45 CBADC 46~50CBDAB 51~55 BACAD 56~60ABCDD

【解析】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了研究发现，孩子们虽然很不擅长玩躲猫猫游戏，但是这并不是因为他们以自我为中心，而是由他们的观念决定的。

41. 考查动词辨析。根据空后“someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.”可知，孩子们应该是很享受别人看不到他们的，因此此处应该是指逃离他人目光的感觉，following“跟随”，taking“带走”，escaping“逃离”，directing“引导”，故选C。

42. 考查形容词辨析。根据文章首句“Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”可知小孩子非常喜欢玩躲猫猫，再根据空前关键词“However”可知，此处表转折，虽然他们很喜欢，但是他们并不擅长，clever“聪明的”，bad“不擅长的”，scared“害怕的”，quick“快速的”，故选B。

43. 考查形容词辨析。根据空前的“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知孩子们通常只用手盖住它们的眼睛，因此，可推断其他身体部位都是暴露在外的，exposed“暴露的”，examined“检查过的”，untouched“未触碰的”，imbalanced“不平衡的”，故选A。

44. 考查动词辨析。根据该空所在句“For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ... as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures.”可知这种无效的躲猫猫方式被诠释为孩子们是以自我为中心的生物，supported“支持”，guaranteed“确保”，imagined“想象”，interpreted“诠释”，故选D。

45. 考查形容词辨析。根据空前的“But”可知此处应与上文所表述意思相反，因此研究结果应该是令人惊讶的，disappointing“令人失望的”，mixed“混合的”，surprising“令人惊讶的”，desired“渴望的”，故选C。

46. 考查动词辨析。根据上一空前的“But”和此空后的“that idea”可知，此处应该是指研究结果与大家最初的设想相矛盾，explained“解释”，confirmed“确认”，contradicted“相矛盾”，tested“测试”，故选C。

47. 考查名词辨析。根据空前“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知他们带了一些2-4岁的孩子来参与实验，因此此处应该是孩子和成人一起进行实验，parent“父母亲”，child“孩子”，researcher“研究人员”，doctor“医生”，故选B。

48. 考查名词辨析。根据空前“who covered her own eyes or”和49空后“or hear the adult.”可知，这里对应的应该是下文的“hear”，feet“双脚”，nose“鼻子”，hands“双手”，ears“耳朵”，故选D。

49. 考查动词辨析。根据48空前“who covered her own eyes or ...”可知，此处对应前文的“eyes”，see“看见”，help“帮助”，reach“达到”，fool“愚弄”，故选A。

50. 考查名词辨析。根据该空所在句“The same ... happened when the adult covered her own mouth:”以及上文可知，当成年人遮住自己某个身体部位时，孩子会下意识地以为自己这个身体部位的功能也被限制了，当遮住嘴巴的时候，同样的事情又发生了，event“事件，大事”，thing“事情，情况”，action“行动”，accident“意外”，故选B。

51. 考查副词辨析。根据上文“...happened when the adult covered her own mouth:”可知，成年人尝试遮住了嘴巴，而现在，又发生了新的情况，Yet“然而”，Now“现在”，Soon“不久”，Once“曾经”，故选B。

52. 考查动词辨析。根据上文的“when the adult covered her own mouth”可知，成年人遮住了嘴巴，孩子也下意识地以为自己不能说话了，speak“说话”，listen“听”，turn“转身”，wave“挥手”，故选A。

53. 考查名词辨析。根据空后的“ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear”以及下文内容可知，此处是指一些实验排除了孩子们误解了他们需要做的事情这一观点，instructions“指令”，descriptions“描述”，experiments“实验”，assumptions“假设”，故选C。

54. 考查动词辨析。根据该空上下文“Our young subjects ... the questions and knew”可知这些孩子理解了这些问题，并知道自己该做什么，comprehended“理解”，predicted“预测”，explored“探索”，ignored“忽略”，故选A。

55. 考查副词辨析。根据空前的“knew”和空后的“what was asked of them.”可知，他们很清楚地知道自己需要做什么，partly“部分地”，honestly“诚实地”，vaguely“模糊地”，exactly“确切地”，故选D。

56. 考查名词辨析。根据空后的“to the questions reflected their true”可知此处是指他们的反应显示了他们真实的想法，responses“反应”，approaches“方法”，contribution“贡献”，sensitivity“敏感”，故选A。

57. 考查名词辨析。根据空后的“that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.””可知此处是指孩子们的反应显示了他们认为只有你看得见我我才能看得见你这种信念，ability“能力”，belief“信念”，identity “身份”，purpose“目的”，故选B。

58. 考查动词短语辨析。根据本句“They simply ... mutual (相互的) recognition and regard.”结合上文内容，可知此处是指孩子们只是坚持相互认可和尊重，hold back“抑制，阻止”，relate to“联系”，insist on“坚持”，make up“编造”，故选C。

59.考查名词辨析。根据前文的“The results were clear:”可知他们通过实验获得了一些结果，这些结果给了他们新的发现，limitations“限制”，requirements“要求”，theories“理论”，findings“结果”，故选D。

60. 考查形容词辨析。根据第三段第一句“For a long time, this ineffective hiding method”可知，此处是指研究表明孩子们常用的无效躲猫猫方法在他们自己看来其实是有效的，tentative“试探性的”，impressive“令人印象深刻的”，creative“有创意的”，effective“有效的”，故选D。

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially __61___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ___62__ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.

The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society __63__ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the __64__ (large) tea-producing country, China has a __65___ (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a __66___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.

The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___67___ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion — Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the initiative.

___68__ (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, __69___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.

The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ___70__ (it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth-A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.

【答案】

61. by 62. the 63. addressed 64. largest 65. responsibility

66. shared 67. and 68. To strengthen 69. inviting 70. its

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了5月21日举办的第一届国际茶日以及相关活动。

61. 考查介词。根据空前的“was named officially”和空后的“the United Nations”可知，联国际茶日这个名称是欧盟官方命名的。故填by。

62. 考查冠词。根据第一句提及的“the first International Tea Day”可知，此处特指国际茶日这个节日，故填the。

63. 考查动词。根据本段结尾的“he said”可知，在开幕式致辞演讲已是过去发生的，故填addressed。

64. 考查形容词。根据空前的“the”可知，此处应填形容词的最高等级形式，故填largest。

65. 考查名词。根据空前的“a”可知，该空填的应是名词形式，故填responsibility。

66. 考查形容词。根据空前的“a”和空后的“future”可知，该空需填形容词用以修饰future，故填shared。

67. 考查并列连词。根据空前后的“promote international cooperation...cultural exchanges”可知，此处表示促进国际合作和文化交流，故填and。

68. 考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构(不缺谓语动词)和句意可知，此处表示目的，故填To strengthen。

69. 考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构(不缺谓语动词)和句意可知，该空也应填非谓语动词形式，且invite后带宾语，故此处的invite应为主动动作。故填inviting。

70. 考查物主代词。根据空后的“first exhibition”可知，此处用形容词性物主代词限定exhibition，故填its。

第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(/)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise. A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise. Whether you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution. Just see how cars have been taken over our cities. They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger. And there were traffic jams, too. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.

【解析】

71. 考查形容词。句意：我们都知道骑行是一种非常好的运动。此处greatly应改为great，用形容词修饰名词。

72. 考查主谓一致。句意：一位医生告诉我，活得最长的人是舞者和骑行者。此处定语从句先行词为people，因此从句内谓语动词应用复数，故需去掉lives中的s。

73. 考查介词短语。句意：也许这是因为新鲜空气、流畅的运动和锻炼的结合。此处because 后为原因状语，而非原因状语从句，故需加上介词of。

74. 考查连词。句意：当你骑自行车的时候，你不会使用汽油。此处表示“当”，因此需用When替代Whether。

75. 考查人称代词。句意：所以你没有产生二氧化碳也没有造成空气污染。此处they应该改为you，因为前文提到you don’t use petrol。

76. 考查现在分词。句意：所以你没有产生二氧化碳也没有造成空气污染。此处cause和producing并列，形式需保持一致，故将cause改成causing。

77. 考查动词时态语态。句意：看看车子是如何掌控城市的。此处have been taken over为现在完成时的被动语态，应去掉been，改为主动语态。

78. 考查定语从句关系代词的用法。句意：汽车通常飞速驶过，这会将我们的生命置于危险之地。此处为非限定性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句，因此应该将what改为which。

79. 考查动词时态。句意：还有堵车。此处应该与全文时态一致，将were改为are。

80. 考查名词的数。句意：如果我们用自行车代替汽车，我们的世界将会变得更加美好。此处bicycle应与前面的cars保持一致，改为复数bicycles。

第二节 书面表达(满分25分)

学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：

1.学习活动状况描述：

2.简单评论;

3.你的建议。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。

【审题思路】

本篇属于话题类，应该使用第一、三人称，学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：①学习活动状况描述：②简单评论;③你的建议。在写作时，首先根据写作要求确定关键词(组)，如：account for(在数量占)，various of(各种各样的)等;其次，根据提示和关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后，连句成文，注意话题类作文的格式及串联过渡用语，同时尽量使用熟悉的词汇及短语，尤其注意不要出现中式英语，并在力所能及的范围内使用复句、高级句式等，以增加亮点。书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。