初中生物会考复习提纲

复习是对前面已学过的知识进行系统再加工，并根据学习情况对学习进行适当调整，为下一阶段的学习做好准备。因此，每上完一节课，每学完一篇课文，一个单元，一册书都要及时复习。若复习适时恰当，知识遗忘就少。这是小编呕心沥血收集整理的中考英语总复习，下面小编就带大家分享展示一下!!!

中考英语总复习1

情态动词的特点

不能独立作谓语，只能和行为动词一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。

情态动词主要有下列： can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) must not.

情态动词的特点：

①情态动词无人称和数的变化，情态动词后面跟的动词须用原形，否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not"。

②个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式用来表达更加客气，委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或将来。

③情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。

名词的所有格

名词所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，以及领属关系。

1. 表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加 's,其复数形式是s'，例如：a student's room, students' rooms, father's shoes。

2. 如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加 's，如：Children's Day。

3. 在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用 's，例如：a twenty minutes' walk，ten miles' journey，a boat's length，two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth。

4. 无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构，例如：a map of China，the end of this term，the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。

5. 双重所有格，例如：a friend of my father's。

注意：如果两个名词并列，并且分别有 's，则表示“分别有”，例如：John's and Mary's rooms(约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间);Tom's and Mary's bikes(两人各自的自行车)。

两个名词并列，只有一个's，则表示“共有”，例如：John and Mary's room(约翰和玛丽共有一间);Tom and Mary's mother(即Tom与Mary是兄妹)。

一般现在时时代构成

(一)时态构成：

一般现在时主要由动词的原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，则在动词原形后加-s或-es。

(二)时态的用法：

1、表示经常发生的动作、存在的状态和现阶段的习惯

常用的时间状语有：often, sometimes, usually, always, seldom, in the morning, every day, on Sunday 等。如：

He is always ready to help others.

The students have sports at five every afternoon.

Does he work hard?

2、表示不受时间限制的事实或普遍真理

Three plus two is five.

A plane is faster than a car.

China is in Asia.

Light travels faster than sound.

3、在含时间和条件状语从句的复合句中

主句用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时表示将来动作。如：

I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.

She’ll go to see him as soon as she arrives.

When they come, they’ll tell you something important.

4、在含宾语从句的复合句中

尽管主句用过去时态，但如果宾语从句所述内容是客观真理，从句谓语动词仍然用一般现在时。如：

The teacher told her pupils that the sun rises in the east.

5、表示已经安排或计划好将来必定会发生的动作或存在的状态

一般用be, come, go, arrive, leave, start等动词。如：

My birthday falls on May 2.

The meeting is at 2:00 p.m.

His ship leaves at 9:00 a.m.

6、图片说明、电影说明、解说戏剧内容及场景动词常用一般现在时。如：

Scene 1 ( Mary and Miss Green are in the professor’s room-a large ,pleasant room with many books. There is a big desk near the window. )

7、几个由here, there 开头的句子

动词用一般现在时表示现在正在进行的动作。如：

There goes the bell. Let’s hurry.

Here comes the teacher.

宾语从句的时态

1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。

Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?

2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时)。例如：

He asked what time it was.

He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.

3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：

Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.

Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.

中考英语总复习2

1.John was given _______ orange bag for his birthday but ______ bag was lost just now. A.an,a B.a,the C.the,a D.an,the

2.There`s ________ old tree near _______ house. A.a,an B.an,the C.a,the D.the,a

3.There is ___ 800-metre-long road behind ___ hospital.A.an,an B.a,a C.an,the D.a,the

4._______ good,kind girl she is! A.How B.What a C.What D.How a

5.________ bad weather!I hope it won`t last long. A.How B.What C.What a D.How a

6._______ they are listening to the teacher!

A.How careful B.What careful C.How carefully D.What carefully

由上例题我们可以发现冠词和感叹句是必考内容。同样，象宾语从句的语序、代词的格、主谓语一致、动词和介词的搭配、近义词的比较以及习惯表达法和情态动词的使用等，无一不在考查之列。 所有这一切语言基础知识，我都将通过对典型试题的解题分析，展开讨论，分层展示难易对比，系统归纳。 对于语言基础知识是这样处理，那么对以能力测试为主要目的的中考其他试题形式又该怎么办呢? 这里我们以一篇完形填空题为例：

A poor farmer had never left his small village.After he(1) a lot of money,he decided to spend a holiday in an e-pensive hotel(旅馆)in a bigtown.(2)lunch time came on his first day there,he went to eat in the restaurant(餐馆)of the hotel(3) his new clothes.The head waiter(服务员)(4)him to the table,took his order and went away.When he turned and (5)the farmer again,he had a (6)!The farmer had tied(系)his table cloth round his (7).

The head waiter told another waiter to go to the farmer and (8) him that people (9) do such a thing in his restaurant.So the waiter went tothe farmer and said in a (10) voice(声音),"Good morning,sir.Would you like a haircut?"

1.A.lent B.made C.paid D.gave

2.A.During B.Though C.When D.Because

3.A.for B.with C.on D.in

4.A.wanted B.put C.showed D.brought

5.A.looked at B.watched C.saw D.found

6.A.look B.rest C.table cloth D.surprise

7.A.arm B.neck C.hand D.head

8.A.ask B.tell C.taught D.told

9.A.can`t B.don`t C.won`t D.mustn`t

10.A.friendly B.tired C.sad D.ter

要求考生从所给的选项中选出正确答案，使补足后的短文意思通顺，结构完整。对此，考生必须通篇考虑，不能拿来就做，那样必然顾此失彼，前后意思不得连贯。目前的中考完型还侧重于语法，这将在逐年试题的变革中转向按上下文的要求来推断理解。

在解这类题时，必须掌握“词感现象”，注意学会区分“干扰项”。所谓词感，“the sense of word"是指一种对词或词群的感受能力。对词的感受力强，在解题时会较为容易地找到它与情景的关系。词感并不仅仅指词与词之间的细微差异，也并不注重词的搭配与组合，它较多地强调选用恰当的词，以利于对情景作出合乎逻辑的判断。同时也就把其它三个作为干扰项的选择项排除掉了。最后复读一篇全文，就会语感流畅，句意明确。

这儿举例的目的是想说明，我从一个较高的立意来对中考题型，特别是完形、阅读等，进行分析、探讨，借以使同学们获得较为完整的解题思路和解题方法。

词汇(一)

这一讲里，主要帮助同学们掌握名词、冠词、数词的用法，特别是针对同学不易掌握的方面。

一、名词

关于名词，我们必须掌握名词的数，名词的格。

单数可用a、an来修饰可数名词单数，在元音发音开头的单词前用an，而不是a

1.复数的构成方法：(1)一般在复数名词后加s，如：dog--dogs。

(2)以s、-、ch、sh结尾的名词加es，如：watch--watches。

(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es， 如：country--countries。

请区别：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词，则只须加s。 如：monkey--monkeys。

(4)以o结尾的名词，只有potato(土豆)，tomato(西红柿)加es构成复数。

(5)以f、fe结尾的名词，变f、fe为v再加es， 如：knife--knives。

2.单复数形式相同的词：sheep--sheep，fish--fish Chinese--Chinese，Japanese--Japanese

3.特殊变化的单词有：(1)tooth--teeth，foot--feeth

(2)man--men，woman--women，policeman--policemen,Frenchman--Frenchmen

请区别：German(德国人)—Germans (3)child—children

4.常以复数形式出现的名词：people(人)，clothes(衣服)，trousers(裤子) glasses(眼镜) ,这些名词作主语时，同学们应特别注意它们的谓语，用复数。 如：My clothes are (be) newer than yours.

5.有些名词看似复数形式，实际上是单数。这一点是同学不易掌握的，应特别加以记忆。如：news(消息)，maths(数学)，physics(物理) No news is good news.

6.可用how many，many，a few，few，a lot of，lots of，some，any等来修饰可数名词复数。 How many are there in your pencil-bo-?(knife)

不可数名词：1.常见的不可数名词有：water，rice，fish，meat，等。应特别记medicine,news,work,homework,housework,money,chalk,weather,cotton,wood.

2.不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数。如：Some bread__________over there.(be)

3.常用how much,much,a little,little,a lot of,some,any等来修饰不可数名词。

4.常用a piece of,a cup of等来表示不可数名词的量。如要表达“两片面包”这样的意义，bread仍为不可数名词，不加s，而piece则可加s。即：twopiecesof bread

请区别：可数名词也可用量来表示， 如：三箱苹果three bo-es of apples

例： 1、These two pieces of bread __________over there.(be) 2、Could I have three ___________,please?

A.piece of bread B.piece of breads C.pieces of bread D.pieces of breads

名词的格 名词所有格的构成方法，在名词后加“ `s”。如：Tom→Tom`s译为“…的”，若遇上以s结尾的复数名词，则在s后加“ `”即可。如：Teachers`Day , twoweeks`holiday，而不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，仍按惯例加`s 。如：Children`s Day

关于名词所有格，应掌握以下几点：

1.可用名词所有格表示地点。 如：my aunt`s 我姑姑家。 go to the doctor`s 去医生家。

2.表示两人共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加`s 如：Lucy and Lily`s 露西和莉莉的

3.掌握词组：a girl of five 一个五岁的女孩 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友

eg;The white shirt is and blue one is . A、Kate,my B.Kate`s,mine C.Kate,mine D.Kate`s,my

二、冠词

冠词是词汇中的基础的，也是简单的部分，所以同学们有必要掌握其基本用法，归纳起来，同学们应该掌握以下几点：

1.冠词指不定冠词a,an和定冠词the

2.不定冠词an常用于元音发音开头的词前，如：an hour,an English car. 请区别：a useful machine

3.指上文提到过的人或物，用定冠词the

4.在世界上独一无二的事物前用定冠词the.如：the sun,the moon,the earth

5.定冠词the用于序数词前，表示方位的名词和形容词级前。如：the first,the best ,in the south

6.在复数姓氏前加the，表示--一家人，常看成复数。

如：The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer.

7.在介词短语中常用定冠词the，如：in the bo- ,behind the chair

8.特别注意不能用定冠词the的几个方面：

(1)在节日、星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。如：in summer,in August

请区别：in the spring of 1945. (这里表示特指，故加the)

(2)一日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词。 如：have breakfast ,play football

(3)一些固定词组中，如：go to bed ,go to school,by bus ,at night.

9.在有些词组中，有冠词和无冠词意思不同，请注意区别：

in front of 在…前面 in the hospital 在医院里

in the front of 在…范围内的前部 in hospital (生病)住院

练习:There`s _________800-metre-long road behind _________hospital. A.an,an B.a, a C.an, the D.a, the

三、数词

同学们首先应会读会写所有基数词和序数词，以及与数词有关的钟点表达法。对数词的考查，中考常采用单选题及听力题，这些题型归纳起来，应掌握以下几点特别容易出错的地方。

1.基数词变序数词。其规律为：

1,2,3特殊记，加th从4起 (first,second,third,fourth)

8少t，9去e，千万别忘记 (eighth,ninth) 逢5逢12，ve变f (fifth,twelfth)

20到90，y要变ie (twentieth,ninetieth) 若是几十几，前基后序别倒位 (ninety-first)

2.hundred,thousand,million 在构成具体的数字时用单数形式。 如：five hundred people. 只有在表达笼统的多数时才加s，构成复数形式。

hundreds of 数以百计的，成百上千的 thousands of 数以千计的，成千上万的

millions of 数百万的 这些词组前不能用具体数字。

3.序数词常与定冠词the 连用。 练习:①Henry has learned eight _________ French words this year.

A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundred of D.hundreds of

②The _________lesson is the most difficult one in Book Two. (twenty)

另外，同学们还应掌握与数词有关的钟点表达法。

顺读法(钟点+分钟) 如：4:30 four thirty 4:45 four forty-five

4:15 four fifteen 倒读法(分钟+to/past+钟点) 如：4:30 half past four

4:15 fifteen past four/a quarter past four 4:45 fifteen to five/a quarter to five

练习题 :

1.At the beginning of the_____(twenty) century,the world`s population was about 1700 million.

2.Are these_____(watch)yours? Yes.

3.You don`t look well.You`d better go to the______(doctor) at once.

4.Would you give me________,please?

A.two papers B.two piece of paper C.two pieces of paper D.two pieces of papers

5.There are three_____and seven____in the picture.

A.monkeys,sheeps B.monkeys,sheep C.monkies,sheep D.monkies,sheeps

6.A lot of____are talking with two_______.

A.Germans,Frenchmans B.Germen,Frenchmans C.German, Frenchmen D.Germans,Frenchmen

7.June 1 is __.

A.the Children`s Day B.the Childrens` Day C.Children`s Day D.Childrens` Day

8.__________people went out to see what had happened.

A.Thousands of B.Three thousand ofC.Thousand of D.Three thousands

9.We have been in the school for______. A.three and a half month B.three and a half months

C.three month and a half D.three months and half

10.__________English is___________ useful language.

A.A, an B./, a C.The, an D. A, / 11.John was given _______ orange bag for his birthday but ______ bag was lost just now. A.an,a B.a,the C.the,a D.an,the

12.There`s ________ old tree near _______ house.

A.a,an B.an,the C.a,the D.the,a

13.There is ________ 800-metre-long road behind _________ hospital.

A.an,an B.a,a C.an,the D.a,the 四.代词

①人称代词: 主格: 单数I 、you 、he 、she 、it 复数 we 、you 、they 宾格: 单数me 、you 、him 、her 、it 复数us 、you 、them

⑵物主代词: 形容词性 my 、your 、his 、her 、its 、our 、your 、their

名词性 mine 、yours 、his 、hers 、its 、ours 、yours 、theirs

③反身代词: myself 、yourself 、himself 、herself 、itself 、ourselves 、yourselves 、themselves

1.形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语，相当于一个形容词，名词性物主代词在句中可作表语、主语和宾语，相当于一个名词。

2.注意名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系,是单数还是复数。

如：⑴These books aren`t ours. Ours are new. (这里ours=our books)

⑵This is not our room. Ours is over there. (这里ours=our room) 3."of+名词性物主代词"表示所属 如：a sister of his 他的一个妹妹 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友

4.人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为：“第二人称，第三人称，第一人称”。

如：You, she and I all enjoy the music.

5.关于反身代词，同学们须掌握其固定结构：

enjoy oneself=have a good time (过得很愉快) by oneself=alone (单独、独自)

help oneself to… (随便吃/喝 些...) learn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth. (自学)

练习题 1.-Whose trousers are these? -_____, I think.

A.They B.Their C.Theirs D.Them 2. Nobody taught___English. He taught____.

A.him, himself B.his, himself C.him, by himself D.his, his

(二) 修饰可数名词 many few 表否定意义 a few 表肯定意义

修饰不数名词 much little 表否定意义 a little 表肯定意义 few 和 little 与 quite 或 only 连用时，常加不定冠词 a.如:There are quite a few new books in the library.=

用little, a little, few, a few填空:

1.I often stay at home because I have _______ friends here.

2.Jim,don`t go and get some water. There is ______ water in the glass.

3.Though he learned French only ________ weeks. He can speak very well.

4.Lily had _________ bread because she was hungry yesterday.

(三)不定代词: something, anything, nothing.

当形容词修饰这三个不定代词时，常后置。 如：something new

There`s __________ in today`s newspaper. 中考题

A.important anything B.important something C.anything important D.something important

(四)另外，还要注意代词some, every, all, both, either, another

1.some(一些，某) 一般用于肯定句中 注：some有时也可用于表示请求的疑问句中。

any(任何) 多用于疑问句和否定句

① Will you give me some water? ② Would you like some meat?

③ May I ask some questions? ④ Could I have some apples?

2.every+单数名词 “每一个” 强调共性，作定语,形式上为单数。

each “每一个” 强调个性，作定语、主语、宾语和同位语，常与of连用。

如: Each student was asked to try again. Each of them has a nice skirt.

Every child likes playing games. 3.all “(全部)都” 表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时，一般放在连系、助动词之后，行为动词之前。

none “没有”表示三者或三者以上都不，后常跟介词of

如： We are all from Canada. = All of us are from Canada.

None of us is/are afraid of dogs.(单、复数均可)

4.both “(两者)都” ,作主语时，看作复数;作定语时，后跟名词复数。

either “两者中任何一个” ,作主语时，谓语用第三人称单数;作定语时，后跟名词单数。

neither “(两者)都不”,含有否定意义，用法同either。

如：①They both swim well. =Both of them swim well.

②There are trees on both sides of the street. = There are trees on either side of the street.

③Neither of us is going to Beijing ne-t week.

④Neither answer is right.

5. another +单数名词, “另一个”

one … the other “一个……，另一个……” the other +复数名词 = the others “其他的人或物” (指确定范围内剩下的全部) others “别人”

(五)疑问代词 5个“wh”, 即who, whose, whom, what, which

这里，which是同学们不易掌握的内容，其实，同学们只须记住，对作定语的内容提问，常用which. 例如: I like the red shirt. ___________ ___________ do you like ? 练习:

一、根据所给单词的适当形式填空，使句意通顺，语法完整

6.Can you come with 　us　?(we)

7.These skirts are 　hers　. Yours are over there.(she)

8.Please take care of 　yourselves　, boys and girls.(you)

9.I don`t think this is my frisby, though it looks like 　mine　.(I) 

10.Look at 　those　 books. Are they yours?(that)

二、根据首字母填空

11.Is there anything interesting in the newspaper? 

12.She asked us to help each other.

13.The old man can neither read nor write. 

14.Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 

15.Please help yourself to some fish, Lucy.

三、同义句转换

16、A: The children played happily in the zoo yesterday.

B: The children 　enjoyed　 　themselves　 in the zoo yesterday. 

17、A: He doesn`t like mutton, and she doesn`t, either.

B: 　Neither　 he 　nor　 she likes mutton.

18、A: All the American people don`t like sandwiches.

B: 　Not　 　all　 the American people like sandwiches. 

19、A: They don`t often hear the twins sing the song in the school.

B: 　Neither　 of the twins 　is　 often heard 　to　 sing the song in the school.[ZK)]

四、单项选择

(C)20、-Can you speak Chinese, Peter?-Yes, but only .

A. little B. few C. a little D. a few 

(A)21、-Do you like Jane`s new skirt?

-Yes, very much. I`ll ask mum to buy for me.

A. one B. it C. the other D. a 

(B)22、The color of her skirt is different from of mine.

A. one B. that C. it D. this 

(B)23、Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running, some like swimming. like ball games.

A. the others B. others C. the other D. other 

(A)24、-I`ll give the boys to eat.

-Oh, I know, fish and chips.

A. something English B. English somethingC. anything English D. English anything (D)25、-Shall I help you with the heavy bo-?

-No, thanks, I can do it .

A. me B. my C. mine D. myself 

(D)26、-What time shall we meet this afternoon,3:00 or 4:00?

-I don`t mind. time is OK.

A. Neither B. Each C. Any D. Either 

(C)27、-My bag is full, what about ?

- is full, too.

A. you, Yours B. his, He C. yours, Mine D. hers, She 

(D)28、-I`ve had enough bread, Would you like ?

-No, thanks.

A. a few more B. one more C. another more D. some more 

(A)29、There are many trees on sides of the river.

A. both B. either C. neither D. each

(A)1、He has two bikes, one is new, is old.

A. the other B. other C. the others D. others 

(C)2、Without the sun, could grow in the world.

A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 

(B)3、 of them is going to play basketball with you this afternoon.

A. All B. Neither C. Some D. Both 

(B)4、-Can you tell me what a panda looks like?

-Look! This is a picture of .

A. it B. one C. two D. some 

(B)5、There are not many pears here, but you can take if you want to.

A. few B. a few C. a little D. little

二、形容词 副词

大多数的形容词、副词都有三个等级： 原级：比较级： 比较...，更...一些 级： 最...

(A)1.构成：(规则情况)情况 变 化 方 法 例 词

单音节词和少数双音节词: 一般情况 加er, est clever-cleverer-cleverest

以字母e结尾 加r, st nice-nicer-nicest

重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母时 双写加er, est big-bigger-biggest

以辅音字母加y结尾 变y为i加er, est early-earlier-earliest

部分双音节和多音节词 在词前加more, most 　 slowly-more slowly-most slowly

2.不规则变化，须熟记： good/well-better-best many/much-more-most far-farther-farthest

bad/badly/ill-worse-worst little-less-least

(B)常见的使用情况

1.as … as … 和...一样(中间用原级) 2.not as(so) … as 和...不一样(中间用原级)

3… than …. ..比...(用比较级)

4.有范围修饰的用级 如:in, of, among或用从句修饰的

eg.⑴Winter is the coldest season of the year. ⑵This is the best film that I have ever seen .

5.比较级+and+比较级 意为“越来越….eg: wetter and wetter more and more beautiful

6. The+比较级，the+比较级 越…...就越…... eg:The more, the better. 越多越好

(C)注意点：1.形容词级前一定要用the,副词级前可省略。

2.可用much, a little, even, still等修饰比较级。

3.在比较级中为了避免重复，在than后常用one,that,those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。

eg:The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.

(D)掌握三种同义句转换：

1.He is taller than any other student in his class. =He is the tallest (student)in his class.

2.This film is less interesting than that one. =This film isn`t as interesting as that one. =That film is more interesting than this one.

3.I prefer maths to English. =I like maths better than English.

Which do you like _____, fish, meat _____ eggs? A.best, or B.better,or C.best, and D.better,and

此外，关于形容词、副词的内容同学们还须掌握：

1.形容词修饰名词作定语，跟在连系动词之后作表语。

2.副词修饰动词、形容词或其它副词 enough属例外词：形/副+enough to do enough+名词 例如;She is old enough to go to school. 她够上学的年龄了。

3.区别几组易混淆的副词: 也 too用于肯定、疑问句 also 较为正式书面语 either 用于否定句 已经 already 常用于肯定句、疑问句 yet 常用于否定句、疑问句

不再 no (not any) longer 从时间上讲 no (not any) more 从动作上讲

如此这样 such 修饰名词 eg: such a big bo-

so 修饰形容词、副词 eg: so big 单独、独自 alone 作表语 =by oneself 孤独的 lonely 可作表语、定语 eg:A group of girls are singing and dancing ______ over there. (happy)

练习题 1.The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake. _ are climbing the hill.

A.Others B. Other C. Another D.The other

2.There isn`t _____ in today`s newspaper.

A. important something B. important anything C. anything important D. nothing important

3.-Whose watch is this, Mary? Is it your sister`s?

-No,Mum. It`s not ______. It`s ______.

A.hers, my B. her, my C. Mine, hers D.hers, mine

4..The Changjiang River is the third __ river in the world.

A.long B.longer C.longest D.the longest

5. An elephant is _____ than a horse.

A.more strong B. much stronger C. the most strong D. much more strong

6. Which do you like _____, tea, orange or water?

A.good B.Well C. Better D. Best

一、介词

1.与形容词搭配的词组有： be afraid of (怕) be angry with (生某人的气)

be away from (不在某地) be different from (与…不同)

be good at (善于) be good/ bad for (对…有益/有害) be interested in (对…感兴趣) be late for (迟到) be/get ready for (为作好准备) be sure of (对…有把握)

be worried about (为…感到担忧)

2.介词后常用人称代词宾格和动词-ing形式

1)You must take good care of her. 2)Thank you for teaching us so well.

3.几组易混淆的介词

A. “在...之后” in + 一段时间(用于一般将来时)

after + 一段时间(用于一般过去时) after + 一点时间(常用于一般将来时)

如：The baby stopped crying after half an hour.

The baby will stop crying in half an hour. They will visit their teacher after Friday.

B. for +一段时间 since +过去的一点时间

这两者均用于现在完成时，具体在时态部分，我会继续向同学们讲解。

C. be made of "用……制成" be made in “由某地制造”be made by somebody “由某人制成”

D. in, on, at表时间 in “在某月(季节、年)等” eg:in 1996, in January, in summer

固定词组：in the morning, in a week,in a minute,in time, in the end

on "用于指具体的某一天或专指某一天上午、下午或晚上等"

eg:on Christmas Day, on the night of February 16

at “用于具体时刻前和某些固定词组中”

固定词组：at seven, at the moment, at night, at last, at first, at noon, at times, at once, at this time of the year, at the beginning of, at the end of this month, at the same time 注意：在表时间里，下列情况下一般不用介词。词组里有：ne-t, last, this, that, tomorrow, yesterday, one, every, all 以及the day before yesterday和the day after tomorrow 前不用介词 。 如:不能说 in tomorrow ,只能说 tomorrow 在明天

E. e-cept +宾格/doing something "除…之外” (不包括本身)

Everyone is at school today e-cept Lin Tao. (同义句转换) =Only Lin Tao isn`t at school today.

F. “用” 通过交通工具 by plane

用语言 in English 通过媒介 on /over the telephone, on /over the radio, on TV

用工具手段 with a pen, with one`s hands

G. between “在~和~(两者)之间”

between...and..., between the two... among 在...之间(三者或三者以上)

eg.Sue spent over two hours ___ her homework yesterday evening. A.on B.with C.at D.over

中考英语总复习3

1.There be 结构

a.这是英语中常见的一种结构，表示“某地有某物”其含义为“存在有”。

eg.There are twenty girls in our class.have也解释为“有”但是与there be有区别，它的含义是“所有，属有”，其主语为某人。eg.I have a nice watch.

b.There be 结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致。

c.There is a river near our school.否：There is not a river near our school.

问：Is there a river near our school.回答：Yes, there is. No, there isn't.

划⑴How many rivers are there near our school?⑵What's near our school?

d.there be 结构的一般将来时，同学们较难掌握，其正确形式为：there is going to be

e.反意疑问句的构成：There is no water in the glass, is there?

①There is going to _____ a football match this afternoon. A.haveB.watchC.beD.play

②They were sure that they were going to ____ a rest.A.beB.haveC.be onD.on

2.so,neither引导的倒装句,为了避免和前一句话的内容重复，英语中习惯用so,neither引导的倒装句。

a.So+be(助动词，情态动词)+主语。表示某人也是如此。

eg.Mike has bought some foreign stamps. So has Bob.=Bob has bought some,too.

b.Neither+be(助动词，情态动词)+主语，表示某人也不。

eg.Mother has never been to Japan. Neither has Father.=Father has never been to Japan, either.

c.So+主语+be(助动词，情态动词)。表示果真如此(赞同), 请同学们与a.区别。

eg.A:Mike is right in the classroom. B:So he is.=He is really in the class room.

3.It's+时间+since动词过去式。自从...起已有...时间了。

⑴It's two weeks since we met last.(自从我们上次见面已有两个星期了)

⑵How long is it since we left Beijing?(自从我们离开北京已有多久了

4.祈使句+and (那么)...eg.Go straight on and you'll see a school.=If you go straight on, you'll see a school.

5.祈使句+or...否则...eg.Work hard, or you will fall behind the other students.=If you don't work hard, you'll fall behind the other

6. The+比较级...，the+比较级... 越...越...

eg.⑴The more, the better. 越多越好。

⑵The harder you work on it, the better you'll be at it.(你越用功，你就越好。)

7.How do you like the film? =What do you think of the film? (你认为这部电影怎样?)

8.What...do with...?怎样对付...?怎样处理...?

虽然中文为怎样，我们绝不可照字面翻译为how.

eg.A:What have you done with the library book? B:I've just returned it to the library.

9.I don't know what to do.我不知道该怎么办?I don't know how to do. ×

10.What...be like?...是什么样的?

eg.⑴What's the weather like? 天气如何?⑵What's your school like? 你们学校是什么样的?

11.What...for?为何目的?为什么?

eg.What do you want a science lab for?=Why do you want a science lab?

12.one of +级+复数 最...之一

eg.Miss Zhao is one of the most popular teachers.

13.find it +形容词+to do

eg.I find it useful to learn English well. (我发觉学好英语是很有用的)

find +宾语 +名词eg.I find him a good boy. (我发现他是个好男孩.)

find +宾语 +形容词

eg.I find the door open/closed. (我发现门开/关着) I find our bags filled with/full of presents. (我发现我们的包装满了礼物)

14.I don't think+肯定句 我想...不eg.I don't think I'll take it. (我想我不买它了)

请注意:中文意思否定在从句中,但是英语的表达否定在主句中。

15.prefer A to B=like A better than B 更喜欢A不怎么喜欢B.

eg. I prefer fish to chicken.= I like fish better than chicken

16.had better do sth.干某事.否定:had better not do sth.

特别注意:had better后面跟be动词词组,不可漏掉be.eg.You'd better catch a train.

You'd better not talk in class.You'd better not be late for the class.

17.It is good (nice)of+宾格+to do sth.

eg.It is very good of you to teach me English. (你教我英语真是太好了)

18.It takes sb. some time to do sth.(干某事化费某人多少时间)

=sb.spend some time on sth. (in) doing sth.eg.It took me half an hour to do the work.

=I spent half anhourin doing the work.

19.sb.pay 钱 for 物 某物化费了某人多少钱=sb.spend 钱 on 物 =物 cost sb.钱 , pay的过去式为paid 而不是payed.eg.I paid thirty yuan for the coat. =I spent thirty yuan on the coat.

=The coat cost me thirty yuan. 20.have been to 某人曾去过某地,现在人不在那儿

sb.have been in +地点 某人呆在某地(一段时间) have gone to 某人已去某地,人不在这儿

21.⑴ too…形容词(副词)+to…"太…而不能" "太…以致于不"

eg.①The basket is too heavy for me to carry. 这篮子太重我拿不动。②This colour TV is too e-pensive for us to buy. 这台彩电对我们来说太贵了，买不起。

⑵so...that 如此...以致于...上面的too...to结构的句子，可以换成so...that 引导的句子转换。①The basket is so heavy that I can't carry it. ②This colour TV is so e-pensive that we can't afford it.

22.What's the population of ...? ...人口有多少? 不说How much population in...?形容人口数量的大用large eg.The population of China is ten times as large as that of the USA

23.I've come to return your pan. (我跑来是还你锅的) →Why have you come? 而不用What

24.not...until (连词)方才，才

eg.He says that he won't be free until tomorrow.他说他需到明天方才有空。 肯定句+until 到

eg.You'd better wait until tomorrow. (你等到明天)

25.neither...nor... 既不...也不...either...or... 或者...或者...

eg.Neither Tom nor his brothers know how to spell the word "hundred".

Either you or she is right. (谓语动词就近原则)

both...and... 两者都... eg.Both Jim and I are in Grade One (主语看作复数)

Have 的两种特殊句型

have是英语中最活跃的动词之一，它与不同的词搭配表示不同的意思。如：have a meeting(开会)，have a rest(休息)，have a class(上课)等。你可知道have构成的两种特殊句型吗?不看不知道，一看就明了。

1.have+宾语+省略to的动词不定式

该句型中作主语的“人或物”让作宾语的“人或物”去做某事。此时的宾语与省略to的不定式(宾语补足语)之间有逻辑上的主谓关系。如：I would have you buy a new bike. 我想让你买辆新自行车。We can't have the car stop. 我们无法让汽车停下来。

2.have+宾语+过去分词

该句型中作主语的“人或物”让作宾语的“人或物”被……。此时的宾语与过去分词(宾语补足语)之间有逻辑上的动宾关系。如： I'll have my hair cut tomorrow.

我明天要理发。They have just had their car repaired.他们刚找人把车修理了一下。

注意：大多数情况下，这两种句型之间可以互换。如：

1)He had me wash the table cloth.→He had the table cloth washed.

2) The man had the bike mended.→ The man had someone mend the bike.

练习：根据汉语意思，完成英语句子，每空一词。

1.你应该找人建一座房子。

You should have someone_____a house. You should have a house_____.

2.现在我们请下一位演讲者到前面来。 Now we'll have the ne-t speaker_____to the front.

3.你必须让人把这些书送到教室去。

You must have these books_____ to the classroom