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南京明孝陵英语导游词1
Today, my parents took me to Xiaoling scenic spot. Xiaoling of Ming Dynasty is the mausoleum of Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of Ming Dynasty. Here is not only beautiful scenery, but also some historical knowledge, so every holiday, will gather many tourists.
Entering the gate of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, the first thing that comes to mind is 2 sacred Dao. One is the stone road of the East and the west, and the other is 615 meters long. In the order of the road, six stone animals are lions, tiers, camels, elephants, Kirin and horses. The other is the Weng Chong Road, the Shinto road in the north and south direction, 250 meters long, two pairs of Wen _ and two pairs of Wen Chen on the pillar. The top of the column is cylindrical, and its body is carved with dragon patterns. The dignified and dignified generals are the loyal guardians of the mausoleum. Shinto is flanked by lush towering trees, each tree has a red canna. Twigs and leaves of the tree twists and turns into a Green Avenue.
At the Xiaoling Museum of the Ming Dynasty, I visited some unearthed cultural relics of the Ming Dynasty, including jades and ceramics. I also knew that there were 16 emperors in the Ming Dynasty, three of whom had their capitals in Nanjing for 53 years.
A stone turtle carries a large stone tablet on its back, which is engraved with "Zhilong Tang and Song Dynasties". This is the famous tablet hall. This is Emperor Kangxi's praise for Zhu Yuanzhang's ruling the country more than that of Tang and Song dynasties. On both sides of the times are the imperial steles of Emperor Qianlong's physical skills.
The hall of enjoyment is one of the main buildings in Xiaoling Mausoleum of Ming Dynasty, which is used to worship Zhu Yuanzhang, Empress and concubines. There are three floors, and there are stone dragons in four corners of each floor.
On the way home, the beautiful scenery of Ming Xiaoling is unforgettable.
南京明孝陵英语导游词2
There are countless places of interest in China. They are the crystallization and painstaking efforts of many ancient and modern people. Today I want to talk about the Zhongshan Mausoleum and the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum in Nanjing.
Our family took a bus to the east gate of the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum early in the morning. After we bought the tickets, we entered the garden. As soon as we entered the garden, we saw a large area of land, on which many plum blossoms were planted. Those plum blossoms were all budding flowers, some of which were already blooming. Just like the smiling faces of children, they were so pure, so brilliant, and they were full of fragrance There was a charming smell. Then, as we went on, we saw a signboard which said "Shinto goes from here". So we went along the direction it pointed to. Along the way, there were many bronze warriors on both sides of the road. They were tall and powerful, like the warriors guarding here. Then, we went on, and we came to the huge city guarding the imperial mausoleum. We entered through the main gate of the city, where there were more than 200 steps. We made great efforts to climb up the city, and here was the end, because the Royal Cemetery was not allowed to enter. So we went into the lobby, which was empty, but the ground had to be 20 meters away from the roof. I began to admire these ancients. How did they build the city so high? This is still a mystery in my heart.
Not to mention this, let's take a look at Zhongshan Mausoleum. It's a very large site, which can show our Chinese nation's respect for great people. At a glance, there is a slope on both sides of the tree, which leads directly to the memorial hall. When I arrived, it was closed, but I was shocked. How they built such a large national name and Party emblem firmly on it is also a mystery in my heart.
How happy the visit is!
南京明孝陵英语导游词3
Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty is located at the foot of Mount Qomolangma in Dulong Fuwan, south of Zhongshan Mountain in Nanjing. It is the mausoleum of the founding emperor Zhu Yuanzhang and empress Ma Shi. It is the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. This royal mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty, which has a history of more than 600 years, is famous for its prominent owner, large scale, unique shape and beautiful environment. In 2003, the Ming Xiaoling was successfully declared as a world heritage site, which made the Ming Xiaoling, which initiated the imperial mausoleum system of Ming and Qing Dynasties, become the focus of world attention.
After more than 600 years of historical vicissitudes, the wooden structure of many buildings no longer exists, but all of its architectural remains are intact in place, the spatial layout is intact, and the natural landscape where the cultural remains are located is not damaged. They are enough to show the unique design concept, system pattern, construction scale and cultural value of Ming Xiaoling in the development process of Chinese imperial mausoleum Artistic achievements. Nowadays, the Royal mausoleums of Ming and Qing Dynasties distributed in Beijing, Hubei, Hebei and other provinces and cities are all built according to the regulation and mode of Ming Xiaoling. In this sense, Ming Xiaoling is a masterpiece of art and a comprehensive achievement in the highly mature period of Chinese culture. It has created a new generation of Ming and Qing Imperial Mausoleums and has a long history in the development of Chinese Imperial Mausoleums The value and status of the monument.
It is the crystallization of political thought, social culture, aesthetic consciousness, architectural technology and national financial resources in the early Ming Dynasty. The layout design and architectural form of the mausoleum have distinctive style of the times and exemplary spirit. It not only inherited the excellent elements of the imperial mausoleum system of Han, Tang and Song Dynasties, but also created a new imperial mausoleum system. The mausoleum system of Xiaoling in Ming Dynasty regulated the overall pattern and style of mausoleum construction in Ming and Qing Dynasties for more than 500 years. Its status was lofty and its influence was far-reaching.
南京明孝陵英语导游词4
Dear tourists, the scenic spot we are going to visit is the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, which is located in Dulong, Mt. Zijin. Xiaoling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty is the joint Tomb of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, and his Empress Ma Shi. Zhu Yuanzhang was born in 1328 to a poor peasant family in Fengyang, Anhui Province. He joined Huangjue temple at the age of 17, joined the red scarf army of Guo Zixing at the end of the Yuan Dynasty in 1352, led the army to conquer Nanjing in 1356, and ascended the throne in 1368.
Xiaoling Mausoleum of Ming Dynasty was built in 1381. In 1382, it was buried in empress Ma Shi. In 1398, it was buried here after Zhu Yuanzhang died of illness. The project was not completed until 1413. It was named Xiaoling because Zhu Yuanzhang advocated "governing the world with filial piety" on the one hand, and because empress Ma was posthumously named "Xiaoci" on the other. Therefore, the tomb was called "Xiaoling" in the Ming Dynasty and "Xiaoling" in the Qing Dynasty to show the difference between dynasties.
Relying on Zijin Mountain, the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum has a winding Shinto. The mausoleum abides by the tradition of Chinese architecture, and its central axis is symmetrical. It is the first Mausoleum of Baocheng Baoding. The mausoleum shape of the former dynasty and the later Dynasty is the first Mausoleum of the Ming and Qing Dynasties for more than 600 years. As a national key cultural relic protection unit, it was listed in the world cultural heritage list in 2003.
What we see now is the first gate of the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, dajinmen. In those days, a 45 Li external wall extended from both sides of dajinmen, including the whole Zijinshan.
The roof and gate of the old golden gate, which was covered with yellow glazed tiles, have disappeared. Only the castle and the three arches.
Over the golden gate, we came to Sifang city. It turned out to be a stele Pavilion. Because the top of the pavilion was destroyed by the war in Xianfeng Period of Qing Dynasty, only four walls and four door tickets were left. Each side is 26.86 meters long, just like an ancient castle. So Nanjing people commonly call it Sifang city. There is a tablet of "the miraculous work of the Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty" in the city, which is 6.7 meters high It's 2.08 meters high and called Mian. It's said that it's one of the nine sons of the dragon. It's very heavy. This tablet is the largest Ming tablet in Nanjing. The inscription is written by Zhu Di, the founder of the Ming Dynasty. It has 2746 words and is divided into seven parts. First, it describes his life experience and was born in Jurong family. Second, it asks for the people's orders and makes a great fortune. Third, it calms down the world, ascends the throne and becomes emperor, cezhonggong and the crown prince, and is granted the same surname. Fourth, it abolishes Zhongshu and sets up six departments to take charge of military power. Fifth, it attaches importance to talents and the study of founding a nation; 6、 He lived a simple life, and asked him to be buried with Ma after his death in Xiaoling; 7. The name of 57 royal children and 144 four character eulogies, the inscription is a high praise of Zhu Yuanzhang's life. The completion of the monument of the great Ming Xiaoling was in 1413, which marks the end of the Ming Xiaoling project. Behind Zhu Di's great contribution to Zhu Yuanzhang, in fact, he built up his own prestige in Dashu, so as to show the legitimacy of inheriting the throne. He originally sent tens of thousands of migrant workers to chisel a huge stele in the eastern suburb of Nanjing. If the cap, body and base of the stele were 72 meters high, they were too huge to carry, so they were abandoned.
After passing the Yuhe bridge, we come to the Shinto of the Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty. The Shinto is divided into two sections. The first section is Shixiang road. On both sides of the road, there are six kinds of Stone Beasts, four in each group, standing on both sides and squatting on both sides. Kirin is the king of animals, symbolizing the majesty of kings, and China _ s legendary law beast, symbolizing the integrity of kings; camels are the boats of the desert, showing the vast territory of Ming Dynasty and the tranquility of the western regions of the country; the elephant is a symbol of the country and the people, and the people are obedient; the unicorn is a kind of monster of Chinese mythology and legend, symbolizing the benevolence of the emperor. The last animal to see is a horse, which symbolizes loyalty to the emperor. The main purpose of placing these stone beasts on both sides of the Shinto is to record Zhu Yuanzhang's achievements, to show the prosperity of the Ming Dynasty, and to pray for the suppression of demons and evil spirits.
Walking along the stone statue Road, the second section of Shinto, wengzhong Road, lies ahead. There is a pair of pillar at the intersection, which is also called Huabiao. The Shinto standing in front of the mausoleum is also called lingbiao. There is the function of indicating the road here. From here, Shinto begins to turn due north. On wengzhong Road, there were two pairs of military generals, who were wearing armor and holding a wat board in their hands. They were burly, and two pairs of civil ministers, who were wearing court clothes and holding wat boards in their hands, were solemn. They are a pair of young people and a pair of middle-aged people respectively, which indicates that there are successors in Daming. At the end of the Shinto Road, there is a Lingxing gate with six pillars and three gates. The original gate was destroyed in the war in Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty. Now the Lingxing gate is restored in 2007 according to historical data. This is the ceremonial gate for visiting the mausoleum.
On the east side of Shixiang Road, there is a hill called Meihua Mountain. Shinto turns a bend around Meihua Mountain. It turns out that this mountain was the mausoleum of Sun Quan in the eastern Wu Dynasty. During the construction of the Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty, someone suggested that this mausoleum should be removed. However, Zhu Yuanzhang said, "Sun Quan is also a hero. Let me see the gate." so the Shinto curved and became the natural barrier of the Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty. Now it has become a famous plum appreciation base in Nanjing.
Now we see the Jinshui bridge. Behind the Jinshui bridge is the mausoleum building of Xiaoling Mausoleum of Ming Dynasty. There were five Jinshui bridges facing the five gates of the mausoleum palace, which were destroyed by the war in Xianfeng Period of Qing Dynasty. Only three of them were restored in Qing Dynasty. We can see that the stone carvings on the bridge deck and bridge foundation are still relics of Ming Dynasty, and the bridge railings were rebuilt in Qing Dynasty. Starting from here, the building is in accordance with Chinese tradition, with the north facing south and the central axis symmetrical.
Up the slope, the first thing we see is the square gate of Wenwu, which is the gate of the mausoleum palace. Its yellow tile, red door and red wall set off each other, showing the royal style. This gate was rebuilt in 1988 according to historical materials. In front of the gate, on the east side of the wall, there is a special notice tablet, which was erected in the first year of Xuantong. It is written in the characters of Japan, Germany, Italy, France, Britain and Russia. The content is to warn visitors to protect Xiaoling.
Entering the Wenwu square gate, we come to the Beidian. The Beidian was originally the gate in front of the Xiaoling hall. Because the gate was destroyed in the war of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the destroyed gate was rebuilt into a Beidian in the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty. There are five inscriptions in the hall. In the middle of the five inscriptions, "Zhilong Tang and Song Dynasty" is inscribed in the handwriting of Emperor Kangxi, which means that Zhu Yuanzhang's achievements in governing the country surpass those of Emperor Taizong Li Shimin and Emperor Songtai in the Tang Dynasty Zhao Kuangyin. Kangxi, as the emperor of the Qing Dynasty, showed his respect and admiration for Zhu Yuanzhang on the one hand, and on the other hand, he had his own good intentions. At the beginning of the reign of Kangxi, the Han people did not accept the Manchu rule. Kangxi knew that it was not enough to rely on the Manchu's high pressure policy alone, but also on the Han people. He visited Xiaoling of Ming Dynasty six times and five times in his life. He knelt down three times and kowtowed nine times. In 1699, when he visited Xiaoling of Ming Dynasty for the third time, he wrote "Zhilong Tang and Song Dynasty" to win the hearts of the people. Next to them are two steles inscribed by Emperor Qianlong when he visited the mausoleum. There are also two lying steles on the back, which respectively record the first and third visits to Taizu mausoleum during Emperor Kangxi's southern tour. There are records written by Tao Dai, governor of Liangjiang and Cao Yin, weaving doctor in Jiangnan.
This building is the former site of Xiaoling hall, which is the main building of Xiaoling. You can see the three-story xumizuo platform base of the original white marble. The platform base is three meters high. The four corners of the three-story platform base are still left with stone carved head. There are three steps around the platform base. It's the middle of the road. On the third floor of xumizuo is the hall of enjoyment, which is dedicated to Zhu Yuanzhang and empress ma. The original palace was destroyed by the war in Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty. Now we can see 56 huge stone pillars on the platform foundation, each with a diameter of 0.91 meters. It's easy to imagine how spectacular the hall was at that time. At that time, the hall of Xiaoling was nine rooms wide and five rooms deep, with double eaves, covered with yellow glazed tiles and a bucket arch overhanging eaves. The scale of Xiaoling was much larger than that of Changling Hall of Ming Chengzu in Beijing. What we see now is the three Bay small hall restored during the reign of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty, which is not as large as before.
Passing through the inner red gate and the Shengxian bridge, the building in front of you is Fangcheng. Fangcheng is a huge building in front of Baoding. The outside is made of big stones and huge bricks. There are eight character walls on the East and west sides of Fangcheng. The four corners of the wall are decorated with brick carvings. These brick carvings are representative works of the early Ming Dynasty. Passing through the 54th level corridor in the center of Fangcheng, you can see the south wall of Baocheng. On the front of the wall, you can see that it is built with 13 layers of stones. It is said that the seven characters were engraved in the early years of the Republic of China to answer visitors' questions.
From the East-West corridor between Baocheng and Fangcheng, you can climb to the minglou. It was originally a beautiful building with double eaves and yellow glazed tiles. It was destroyed by the war of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in the Qing Dynasty. Only four walls are left. In 2009, the minglou protection project was completed, and it has been restored. In July 2009, the minglou was officially opened to tourists, showing the distribution of Ming Dynasty in China There are 19 mausoleums of emperors in China.
Behind the Fangcheng is Baoding, which is a large round mound with a diameter of 325-400m. On the top of the mound are towering trees, and below it is the palace where empress Ma of Zhu Yuanzhang was buried. Baocheng is a brick city with a circumference of 1100 meters around Baoding. The imperial mausoleum in Baoding of Baocheng city is the first mausoleum in Ming and Qing Dynasties for more than 500 years. It's just that the Ming Dynasty's top is roughly round, while the Qing Dynasty's Mausoleum's top is oval.
Today, the east side of the Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty has preserved the site of the Dongling Mausoleum of Zhu Biao, Prince of the Ming Dynasty.
In ancient China, the imperial mausoleum was originally built in Fangshang of Qin and Han Dynasties. The representative mausoleum was Qinshihuang Mausoleum in Shaanxi Province. In Tang Dynasty, it was changed to the mausoleum near the mountain. The representative mausoleum included Tang Qianling Mausoleum of Li Zhi, Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty and Empress Wu Zetian of Shaanxi Province. In Song Dynasty, the imperial mausoleum was built in Fangshang of relatively small scale. In Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang initiated the mausoleum form of Baocheng Baoding mausoleum and former dynasty and later Dynasty mausoleum.
The Ming Dynasty established its capital in 1368 and perished in 1644. There were 16 emperors before and after it. Except for the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum in Nanjing, the rest of the mausoleums were in Beijing. Only Jianwen Emperor Zhu Yunwen had no mausoleum. Many tombs of the Ming Dynasty have left us countless places to watch.
As the remains of Chinese culture, ancient Chinese mausoleums have left important material materials for later generations to study and understand ancient Chinese economy and culture. Dear tourist friends, today's visit is coming to an end. Thank you for your cooperation in my tour guide work. Welcome to visit Ming Xiaoling again!
南京明孝陵英语导游词5
Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty is located at the foot of Mount Qomolangma in Dulong Fuwan, south of Zhongshan Mountain in Nanjing. It is the mausoleum of the founding emperor Zhu Yuanzhang and empress Ma Shi. It is the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. This royal mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty, which has a history of more than 600 years, is famous for its prominent owner, large scale, unique shape and beautiful environment. In 2003, the Ming Xiaoling was successfully declared as a world heritage site, which made the Ming Xiaoling, which initiated the imperial mausoleum system of Ming and Qing Dynasties, become the focus of world attention.
After more than 600 years of historical vicissitudes, the wooden structure of many buildings no longer exists, but all of its architectural remains are intact in place, the spatial layout is intact, and the natural landscape where the cultural remains are located is not damaged. They are enough to show the unique design concept, system pattern, construction scale and cultural value of Ming Xiaoling in the development process of Chinese imperial mausoleum Artistic achievements. Nowadays, the Royal mausoleums of Ming and Qing Dynasties distributed in Beijing, Hubei, Hebei and other provinces and cities are all built according to the regulation and mode of Ming Xiaoling. In this sense, Ming Xiaoling is a masterpiece of art and a comprehensive achievement in the highly mature period of Chinese culture. It has created a new generation of Ming and Qing Imperial Mausoleums and has a long history in the development of Chinese Imperial Mausoleums The value and status of the monument.
It is the crystallization of political thought, social culture, aesthetic consciousness, architectural technology and national financial resources in the early Ming Dynasty. The layout design and architectural form of the mausoleum have distinctive style of the times and exemplary spirit. It not only inherited the excellent elements of the imperial mausoleum system of Han, Tang and Song Dynasties, but also created a new imperial mausoleum system. The mausoleum system of Xiaoling in Ming Dynasty regulated the overall pattern and style of mausoleum construction in Ming and Qing Dynasties for more than 500 years. Its status was lofty and its influence was far-reaching.
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